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首页> 外文期刊>Food Protection Trends >Outbreaks associated with unpasteurized milk and soft cheese: an overview of consumer safety.
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Outbreaks associated with unpasteurized milk and soft cheese: an overview of consumer safety.

机译：未经巴氏消毒的牛奶和软奶酪相关的暴发：消费者安全概述。

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Unpasteurized (also called raw or farm-fresh) milk is currently banned in more than half of all states in the U.S. There is substantial controversy over whether unpasteurized milk is safe for human consumption. Although less than 1% of the total U.S. population is known to consume these products, proponents of raw milk claim that unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses are more nutritious than pasteurized milk and soft cheeses. However, numerous disease outbreaks, involving pathogens including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes, have been linked to raw milk and soft cheese consumption. While some believe that an outright ban would help abate the incidence of outbreaks associated with unpasteurized milk and cheese, many others believe that imposing a ban on such products is an infringement on people's freedom of choice. If a ban were imposed, it would pose a variety of problems for key stake-holders, such as state agriculture departments and dairy farmers, as well as consumers of raw milk and cheese. Given these considerations, providing education to dairy producers and consumers and implementing the use of warning labels on unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses may be the most effective ways for state agriculture departments to decrease the consumption of these products and thus prevent illness.
机译：目前，美国一半以上的州禁止使用未经巴氏消毒的牛奶（也称为生或农场新鲜）。关于未经巴氏消毒的牛奶是否可以安全食用的说法存在很大争议。尽管已知只有不到1％的美国人口消费这些产品，但原料奶的拥护者声称，未经巴氏杀菌的牛奶和软奶酪比经巴氏杀菌的牛奶和软奶酪更具营养。但是，涉及病原体（包括大肠杆菌，沙门氏菌和单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌）的许多疾病暴发都与生奶和软奶酪的摄入有关。尽管有些人认为彻底禁止将有助于减少与未经巴氏消毒的牛奶和奶酪有关的疾病暴发，但许多其他人则认为，对此类产品实行禁令是对人们选择自由的侵犯。如果实行禁令，将给主要的利益相关者带来各种问题，例如国家农业部门和奶农，以及生奶和奶酪的消费者。考虑到这些考虑因素，对乳制品生产商和消费者进行教育并在未经巴氏消毒的牛奶和软干酪上使用警告标签可能是州农业部门减少这些产品消费从而预防疾病的最有效方法。

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