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首页> 外文期刊>Forensic science international >Profiling the decomposition odour at the grave surface before and after probing
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Profiling the decomposition odour at the grave surface before and after probing

机译：探测之前和之后在坟墓表面分析分解气味

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Human remains detection (HRD) dogs are recognised as a valuable and non-invasive search method for remains concealed in many different environments, including clandestine graves. However, the search for buried remains can be a challenging task as minimal odour may be available at the grave surface for detection by the dogs. Handlers often use a soil probe during these searches in an attempt to increase the amount of odour available for detection, but soil probing is considered an invasive search technique. The aim of this study was to determine whether the soil probe assists with increasing the abundance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) available at the grave surface. A proof-of-concept method was developed using porcine remains to collect VOCs within the grave without disturbing the burial environment, and to compare their abundance at the grave surface before and after probing. Detection and identification of the VOC profiles required the use of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOFMS) due to its superior sensitivity and selectivity for decomposition odour profiling. The abundance of decomposition VOCs was consistently higher within the grave environment compared to the grave surface, except when the grave surface had been disturbed, confirming the reduced availability of odour at the grave surface. Although probing appeared to increase the abundance of VOCs at the grave surface on many of the sampling days, there were no clear trends identified across the study and no direct relationships with the environmental variables measured. Typically, the decomposition VOCs that were most prevalent in the grave soil were the same VOCs detected at the grave surface, whereas the trace VOCs detected in these environments varied throughout the post-burial period. This study highlighted that probing the soil can assist with releasing decomposition VOCs but is likely correlated to environmental and burial variables which require further study. The use of a soil probe to assist HRD dogs should not be disregarded but should only follow the use of non-invasive methods if deemed appropriate. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：人体遗骸检测（HRD）狗被公认为是隐藏在许多不同环境（包括秘密坟墓）中的遗骸的一种有价值且无创的搜索方法。但是，寻找掩埋的遗骸可能是一项艰巨的任务，因为在坟墓表面可能只有极少的气味可以被狗发现。处理人员经常在这些搜索过程中使用土壤探针，以尝试增加可用于检测的气味，但是土壤探测被认为是一种侵入性搜索技术。这项研究的目的是确定土壤探针是否有助于增加坟墓表面可用的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的含量。使用猪遗体开发了一种概念验证方法，可在不影响墓葬环境的情况下收集坟墓中的VOC，并比较探测前后坟墓表面的VOC含量。 VOC轮廓的检测和鉴定需要使用全面的二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱分析仪（GC x GC-TOFMS），因为它具有出色的灵敏度和对分解气味分析的选择性。与坟墓表面相比，在坟墓环境中分解VOC的含量始终较高，除非坟墓表面受到干扰，这确认了坟墓表面气味的可用性降低。尽管在许多采样日中进行探测似乎会增加坟墓表面VOC的含量，但在整个研究过程中均未发现明显的趋势，并且与所测量的环境变量没有直接关系。通常，在墓地土壤中最普遍的分解挥发性有机化合物与在墓地表面检测到的挥发性有机化合物相同，而在这些环境中检测到的痕量挥发性有机化合物在整个埋葬后时期都在变化。这项研究强调，探测土壤可以帮助释放分解的挥发性有机化合物，但可能与环境和埋葬变量有关，需要进一步研究。不应忽视使用土壤探针协助HRD狗，而应在认为适当的情况下使用非侵入性方法。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.保留所有权利。

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