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首页> 外文期刊>Cahiers Agricultures >Monoculture for exportation and sustainable agricultural development: the case of the banana sector in Guadeloupe
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Monoculture for exportation and sustainable agricultural development: the case of the banana sector in Guadeloupe

机译：出口和可持续农业发展的单一文化：瓜德罗普岛的香蕉部门

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The banana sector in Guadeloupe is facing an economic crisis coupled with growing concern about the environmental impact of banana production techniques. The French Law of Agricultural Orientation of 1999, by having a new look at agriculture, represents an opportunity to help farmers to evolve to more sustainable systems of production. The incentives of the contracts that the law proposes between the state and farmers require an understanding of the overall context of agricultural production and the identification of the various functions filled by the agricultural systems of the banana-growing zone. This article presents the results of a preliminary series of inquiries conducted for this purpose at a watershed level, as part of the research programme entitled "Interactions between agriculture and the environment in the banana crescent". The typology of the different farming systems is illustrated. The importance of banana production for export cannot be fully explained by the fact that the banana commodity system is fully structured and its market guaranteed. Some parameters, such as indebtedness or non-agricultural employment, have as much impact on the functions of the system as the developments that are likely to affect the production units.The diversification of activities also plays an important role in terms of economic viability and natural resource management. However, institutional support is mainly geared towards the banana sector and fails to take into account the farming system level. The different activities are based on bananas, other agricultural activities, and non-farming activities. There is considerable conflict between farmers' and the administration's perceptions. In this context, the main issue is to recognize the functions fulfilled by the different farming systems in the area so as to make their regional integration easier.
机译：瓜德罗普岛的香蕉产业正面临经济危机，同时人们也越来越关注香蕉生产技术对环境的影响。通过重新审视农业，1999年法国农业取向法为帮助农民发展到更可持续的生产系统提供了机会。法律建议国家和农民之间签订合同的激励措施，需要了解农业生产的总体情况，并确定香蕉种植区农业系统所承担的各种职能。本文介绍了为此目的在分水岭一级进行的一系列初步调查的结果，作为名为“香蕉新月形农业与环境之间相互作用”的研究计划的一部分。说明了不同耕作制度的类型。香蕉商品系统结构完整且市场有保障，因此无法充分说明香蕉生产对出口的重要性。债务或非农业就业等一些参数对系统功能的影响与可能影响生产单位的发展一样重要。活动的多样化在经济生存能力和自然条件方面也起着重要作用。资源管理。但是，机构的支持主要是针对香蕉部门，而没有考虑到耕作制度的水平。不同的活动基于香蕉，其他农业活动和非农业活动。农民和政府的看法之间存在相当大的矛盾。在这种情况下，主要问题是要认识到该地区不同耕作制度所履行的职能，以便使其区域一体化更加容易。

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