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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Pathology >Identification and distribution of Armillaria species associated with an oak decline event in the Arkansas Ozarks
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Identification and distribution of Armillaria species associated with an oak decline event in the Arkansas Ozarks

机译：鉴定和分布与阿肯色州奥扎克斯地区橡树衰退事件相关的蜜环菌物种

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摘要

Forests in the Ozark Mountains of northern Arkansas recently experienced a widespread oak decline event. Armillaria, a root rot fungus, has been associated with other oak decline events and may have been an important contributing factor to tree mortality in this event. Although Armillaria has been identified from the Ozark Mountains in Missouri, it has never been investigated in the Arkansas Ozarks. Molecular diagnostic techniques were used in this study to identify species of Armillaria present on roots removed from dead trees of two common oak species, northern red oak, Quercus rubra L., and white oak, Q. alba L., from three geographic areas and on three topographic positions - ridges, south- and west-facing benches. Armillaria(A. mellea, A. gallica or A. tabescens) was identified from 31% of root samples taken from 102 trees in seven of nine sample plots. Armillaria mellea, occurred most often (20 samples, both oak species on seven plots) followed by A. gallica (10 samples, northern red oak only on four plots), and A. tabescens occurred twice (on northern red oak in a single plot). Thus, all three Armillaria species occurred on northern red oaks while A. mellea was the only species recovered from white oaks. Results varied by topographic position with samples from tree roots on ridges having the fewest positive identifications, one of 29. West-facing benches had the highest positive samples with 20 of 41 testing positive and trees on south-facing benches were intermediate with 11 of 32 samples from infected trees. This study documents the occurrence of three species of Armillaria in the Arkansas Ozarks and their association with oak mortality resulting from an oak decline event coupled with a red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus, outbreak. Further, it documents some potential variation in host/pathogen combinations and forest site conditions.
机译：阿肯色州北部奥索卡山脉的森林最近经历了一次广泛的橡树衰退事件。根腐菌蜜环菌（蜜环菌）已与其他橡树衰落事件相关联，并且可能是导致此事件中树木死亡的重要因素。尽管从密苏里州的奥索卡山脉（Ozark Mountains）中发现了蜜环菌，但从未在阿肯色州的奥扎克（Alkansas Ozarks）对其进行过调查。在这项研究中，使用了分子诊断技术，从三个地理区域和两个地理区域中，鉴定了从两种常见橡树种（北赤栎，栎栎和白栎，白栎）的枯树中去除的根上存在的蜜环菌物种。在三个地形位置-山脊，朝南和朝西的长凳上。在9个样地中的7个样地中，从102棵树木的31％根样品中鉴定出蜜环菌（A. mellea，A。gallica或A. tabescens）。蜜环菌最常发生（20个样品，在七个地块上均为橡树种），其次是A. gallica（10个样品，仅四个样地在北部红橡树上发生），而油菜发生两次（在单个样地上在北部红橡树上） ）。因此，所有三种蜜环菌属物种都出现在北部的红橡树上，而A. mellea是唯一从白橡树中回收的树种。结果随地形位置的变化而变化，来自山脊上树根的样品具有最少的阳性识别，为29个之一。朝西的长凳上阳性样品最高，为41个测试阳性中的20个;朝南的长凳上的树木居中，为32个中的11个感染树木的样本。这项研究记录了阿肯色州Ozarks地区3种蜜环菌的发生，以及它们与因橡树衰落事件和赤栎蛀虫Enaphalodes rufulus暴发引起的橡树死亡率相关。此外，它记录了宿主/病原体组合和林地条件的一些潜在变化。

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