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Fault reactivation potential as a critical factor during reservoir stimulation

机译：断层再激活潜力是储层增产过程中的关键因素

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摘要

Hydraulic stimulation is frequently used to enhance reservoir productivity. The aim of hydraulic stimulation is to increase the formation pressure by fluid injection to create artificial fractures that act as additional fluid pathways. But large-scale fluid injection as applied in hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs can also induce seismicity and fault reactivation depending on the reservoir geomechanics and stress regime. Recent case studies in stimulation of geothermal reservoirs have shown induced seismicity as an undesirable side effect which needs to be understood prior to massive fluid injection. Slip tendency analysis has been successfully used to characterize fault slip likelihood and fault slip directions in any stress regime. In our study, we applied slip tendency analysis to assess the reactivation potential of shear and dilational fractures in a deep geothermal reservoir in the North-East German Basin, based on the notion that slip on faults is controlled by the ratio of shear to normal effective stress acting on the plane of weakness. The results from slip tendency analysis are supported by the spatial distribution of recorded microseismicity, which indicates slip rather than extension along a presumed NE-striking failure plane.
机译：经常使用水力增产来提高油藏生产率。水力压裂的目的是通过注入流体来增加地层压力，以形成人工裂缝，从而作为附加的流体通道。但是，根据油气藏的地质力学和应力状况，在烃类和地热油藏中进行的大规模注水也可能引起地震作用和断层再活化。最近在地热储层增产方面的案例研究表明，诱发地震是一种不良的副作用，需要在注入大量流体之前加以理解。滑移趋势分析已成功用于表征任何应力状态下的断层滑动可能性和断层滑动方向。在我们的研究中，基于断层上的滑动受剪切力与正常有效比之比控制的观点，我们运用滑移趋势分析来评估德国东北部深层地热油藏中剪切和扩张性裂缝的再活化潜力。压力作用于虚弱的平面。滑移趋势分析的结果得到记录的微地震的空间分布的支持，该空间分布表明滑移而不是沿假定的NE击穿破坏平面扩展。

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