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Seismic transmission and electrical resistivity tomography for the delineation of mine galleries in the Raniganj Coalfield, India

机译：地震传递和电阻率层析成像技术在印度Raniganj煤田的矿井画线中的作用

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摘要

Subsidence, fire, flooding and other kinds of environmental hazards related to shallow coal workings in the Raniganj Coalfield necessitated stabilization of the abandoned galleries at North Searsole, Bansra and Dhandadih. The working coal-seams at these collieries are Kenda bottom, Purandip bottom and Jambad top, respectively. For an accurate location of the network of galleries in the coal-seam, seismic transmission and resistivity tomographic methods are applied and the results are reported here. In the 2D tomographic formulation for both seismic exploration and electrical resistivity measurements, the genetic algorithm is implemented for an optimal solution even starting with poor initial models. The residual travel-time and transfer-resistance 2D distributions are generated to analyse the quality of the data recorded in the field. In these images, each cell corresponds to one source-receiver pair for each different cross-hole combination. All the colliery data are tested for their quality, preliminary ID model generation and the construction of final velocity and resistivity images, depicting the coal-seams with or without voids/galleries. The estimated tomograms show the lateral S- or P-wave velocity and resistivity variations at different depths in the North Searsole, Bansra and Dhandadih collieries. While seismic tomography could depict the dry voids in the coal-seam at North Searsole and Bansra, resistivity tomography failed to do so, due to small resistivity contrasts between the void and the coal-seam bed. At Dhandadih, however, where the galleries are waterlogged, both seismic and resistivity tomography imaged the voids successfully. Generally, in all the cases, the coal-seams are better delineated by electrical resistivity tomography than by seismic tomography.
机译：与Raniganj煤田的浅煤工作有关的沉陷，火灾，洪水和其他环境危害，必须稳定North Searsole，Bansra和Dhandadih的废弃画廊。这些煤矿的工作煤层分别为Kenda底部，Purandip底部和Jambad顶部。为了准确定位煤层中的画廊网络，应用了地震传输和电阻率层析成像方法，并在此处报告了结果。在用于地震勘探和电阻率测量的2D层析成像公式中，即使从不良的初始模型开始，遗传算法也可实现最佳解决方案。产生剩余的行进时间和传递阻力二维分布，以分析现场记录的数据的质量。在这些图像中，每个单元对应于每个不同的交叉孔组合的一对源/接收器。测试了所有煤矿数据的质量，初步的ID模型生成以及最终的速度和电阻率图像的构造，这些图像描述了有无空洞/巷道的煤层。估计的断层图显示了北Searsole，Bansra和Dhandadih煤矿在不同深度的横向S波或P波速度和电阻率变化。尽管地震层析成像可以描绘出北塞瑟索尔和班斯拉的煤层中的干燥空隙，但电阻率层析成像却无法做到，这是因为空隙与煤层之间的电阻率差异很小。但是，在画廊充斥着水的丹达迪（Dhandadih），地震层析成像和电阻率层析成像都成功地将空隙成像。通常，在所有情况下，用煤层比用地震层析成像更好地描绘煤层。

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