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Forest management after the economic transitionat the crossroads between German and Scandinavian traditions

机译：经济转型后德国与斯堪的纳维亚传统交汇处的森林管理

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摘要

Germany and Scandinavia represent two paradigmatic forest management traditions, based on management for volume and management for profit, respectively. This study examines the prevailing silvicultural regimes and resulting economic outcomes in Germany and Sweden as benchmarks, and then corresponding analyses are performed for post-transition EU countries, represented by Poland, Lithuania and Latvia. The analyses reveal a regional gradient where Poland stands closest to the German tradition, Latvia goes through a scandinavisation, and Lithuania takes an intermediate position. Poland adheres to longer rotations and follows the principle of self-sufficiency, while economic efficiency has gained increased importance in Latvia. The observed gradient is likely to be sustained in the coming decades as the survey of key forest sector stakeholders reveals ideological patterns that correlate with the pace of reform of State forestry in Poland, Lithuania and Latvia.
机译：德国和斯堪的那维亚代表了两种范式的森林管理传统，分别基于数量管理和利润管理。这项研究以德国和瑞典的现行造林制度及其产生的经济成果为基准，然后对以波兰，立陶宛和拉脱维亚为代表的过渡后欧盟国家进行了相应的分析。分析揭示了一个区域梯度，波兰最接近德国传统，拉脱维亚经历了斯堪的纳维亚半岛化，立陶宛处于中间位置。波兰坚持更长的轮换制度，并遵循自给自足的原则，而经济效率在拉脱维亚变得越来越重要。随着对主要林业部门利益相关者的调查显示，与波兰，立陶宛和拉脱维亚国家林业改革步伐相关的意识形态模式，观察到的梯度可能会在未来几十年内持续。

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