Traditionally, ultrasonic-based investigation tech-niques have been the default tools of choice for the non-invasive, non-destructive testing (NDT) of building structures in the civil/structural engineering industries. Engineering practitioners are comfortable with methods such as ultrasonic 'echo' (or pulse-echo) and impact echo (IE) with instruments such as the 'Pundit' becoming ubiquitous across the NDT industry. However, adherence to tight quality control requirements, combined with the slow pace of change in testing standards and the inherent difficulties associated with educating/convincing users, means that the industry is (debatably) a reluctant adopter of new investigation technologies.
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