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首页> 外文期刊>Fish & Shellfish Immunology >Molecular characterization and expression analysis of eleven interferon regulatory factors in half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis
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Molecular characterization and expression analysis of eleven interferon regulatory factors in half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis

机译：半光滑舌根半滑舌中11种干扰素调节因子的分子表征和表达分析

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摘要

Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) act as transcription mediators in virus-, bacteria-, and interferon (IFN)-induced signaling pathways and play diverse functions in antimicrobial defense, immune modulation, hematopoietic differentiation, and cell apoptosis. In this study, we described for the first time eleven IRFs (IRF1, IRF1L, IRF2X1, IRF3, IRF4a, IRF4b, IRF5, IRF6, IRF7, IRF8, and IRF9) from half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) and examined their tissue distributions and expression patterns under different conditions. The deduced protein sequences of these IRFs (except IRF1) share high identities (71.8-86.6%) with other corresponding IRFs in other teleosts, whereas the sequence identity of IRF1 with the corresponding IRF1 in other teleosts is only 58.1%. A conserved N-terminal DNA binding domain (DBD), which is characterized by a winged type helix-loop-helix motif with four to six tryptophan repeats, is present in all IRFs. Another conserved IRF associated domain (IAD), which mediates the interactions in the C-terminal part of the protein, is present in all IRFs except IRF1 and IRF2X1, which instead contain the IAD2 domain. Several special domains also were found, including a serine-rich domain (SRD) in IRF3, IRF4a, IRF4b, and IRF7; a proline-rich domain (PRD) in IRF9; nuclear localization signals (NLSs) in IRF5, IRF8, and IRF9; and a virus activated domain (VAD) in IRF5. Quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that expression of all IRFs occurred in multiple tissues. IRF1, IRF2X1, IRF4a, IRF5, IRF7, and IRF8 exhibited relatively high levels of expression in immune organs, whereas the other five IRFs displayed high levels of expression in non-immune organs. Infection with extracellular and intracellular bacterial pathogens and virus upregulated the expression of 1RFs in a manner that depended on tissue type, pathogen, and infection stage. Specifically, IRF1 and IRF2X1 were highly induced by bacterial and viral pathogens; IRF1L and IRF6 responded mainly to extracellular and intracellular bacterial pathogens; IRF3, IRF5, IRF7, IRF8, and IRF9 were markedly induced by intracellular bacterial pathogen and virus; IRF4a and IRF4b were mainly induced by virus and intracellular bacterial pathogen respectively. These results indicate that the IRFs of C semilaevis can be categorized into several groups which exhibit different expression patterns in response to the infection of different microbial pathogens. These results provide new insights into the roles of teleost IRFs in antimicrobial immunity. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：干扰素调节因子（IRF）在病毒，细菌和干扰素（IFN）诱导的信号通路中充当转录介体，并在抗微生物防御，免疫调节，造血分化和细胞凋亡中发挥多种功能。在这项研究中，我们首次描述了半光滑舌底（Cynoglossus semilaevis）的11个IRF（IRF1，IRF1L，IRF2X1，IRF3，IRF4a，IRF4b，IRF5，IRF6，IRF7，IRF8和IRF9），并检查了其组织在不同条件下的分布和表达方式。这些IRF（除IRF1）的推导的蛋白质序列与其他硬骨鱼中的其他相应IRF具有高度同一性（71.8-86.6％），而IRF1与其他硬骨鱼中的相应IRF1的序列同一性仅为58.1％。所有IRF中均存在一个保守的N末端DNA结合结构域（DBD），其特征是带有四个至六个色氨酸重复序列的翼状螺旋-环-螺旋基序。除了IRF1和IRF2X1之外，所有IRF中都存在另一个保守的IRF相关域（IAD），该域介导蛋白质C端部分的相互作用。还发现了几个特殊的结构域，包括IRF3，IRF4a，IRF4b和IRF7中的富含丝氨酸的结构域（SRD）。 IRF9中的富含脯氨酸的域（PRD）; IRF5，IRF8和IRF9中的核定位信号（NLS）;以及IRF5中的病毒激活域（VAD）。实时定量RT-PCR（qRT-PCR）分析表明，所有IRF的表达都发生在多个组织中。 IRF1，IRF2X1，IRF4a，IRF5，IRF7和IRF8在免疫器官中表现出较高的表达水平，而其他五个IRF在非免疫器官中表现出较高的表达水平。细胞外和细胞内细菌病原体的感染和病毒以依赖于组织类型，病原体和感染阶段的方式上调1RF的表达。具体而言，IRF1和IRF2X1被细菌和病毒病原体高度诱导。 IRF1L和IRF6主要对细胞外和细胞内细菌病原体产生反应。 IRF3，IRF5，IRF7，IRF8和IRF9被细胞内细菌病原体和病毒明显诱导。 IRF4a和IRF4b分别主要由病毒和细胞内细菌病原体诱导。这些结果表明半胱氨酸半胱氨酸的IRF可分为几类，它们响应不同的微生物病原体的感染而表现出不同的表达方式。这些结果提供了硬骨的IRFs在抗微生物免疫中的作用的新见解。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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