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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology >Impact of maternal undernutrition on diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in adult offspring.
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Impact of maternal undernutrition on diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in adult offspring.

机译:产妇营养不良对成年后代糖尿病和心血管疾病风险的影响。

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摘要

Epidemiological, clinical, and experimental observations have led to the hypothesis that the risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood is influenced not only by genetic and adult lifestyle factors, but also by environmental factors during early life. Low birth weight, a marker of intrauterine stress, has been linked to predisposition to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. The compelling animal evidence and significant human data to support this conclusion are reviewed. Specifically, the review discusses the role of maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy, placental insufficiencies and epigenetic changes in the increased predisposition to diabetes and CVD in adult life. The impact of low birth weight and catch-up growth as they pertain to risk of disease in adult life is also discussed. In addition, adult disease risk in the overnourished fetus is also mentioned. Reference is made to some of the mechanisms of the induction of diabetes and CVD phenotype. It is proposed that fetal nutrition, growth and development through efficient maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy could constitute the basis for nutritional strategies for the primary prevention of diabetes and CVD.
机译:流行病学,临床和实验观察已得出这样的假设:成年后患慢性病的风险不仅受遗传和成人生活方式因素的影响,而且还受到早期生活中环境因素的影响。低出生体重是子宫内应激的标志,与心血管疾病(CVD)和糖尿病的易感性有关。综述了令人信服的动物证据和大量人类数据来支持这一结论。具体地说,该综述讨论了孕妇在怀孕之前和期间的营养作用,胎盘功能不全和表观遗传变化在成年后对糖尿病和CVD易感性增加中的作用。还讨论了低出生体重和追赶性增长对成人疾病风险的影响。此外,还提到了营养过剩的胎儿存在成人疾病的风险。参考了诱导糖尿病和CVD表型的一些机制。有人提出,在怀孕前和怀孕期间通过有效的孕产妇营养,胎儿的营养,生长和发育可以构成基本预防糖尿病和心血管疾病的营养策略的基础。

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