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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Ecology and Management >Length and classification of natural and created forest edges in boreal landscapes throughout northern Sweden.
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Length and classification of natural and created forest edges in boreal landscapes throughout northern Sweden.

机译：整个瑞典北部的北方景观中自然和人工林边缘的长度和分类。

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Forest edges have numerous implications for structure and function of forest ecosystems. Previous studies on edge quantity have used broad classifications. However, edge influence is driven by the contrast in vegetation structure between adjoining ecosystems, and thus we need detailed site-specific data to assess the role of edges in forests. We studied the variability of sharp edges in 28 boreal landscapes (4 km x 4 km) across an 830 km gradient throughout northern Sweden. Our objectives were: (1) to compare the length of natural and created edges, (2) to classify edges in detail by edge origin, maintenance and forest attributes, and (3) to examine relationships between length of edge and landscape variables. Data were collected using stereo-interpretation of high spatial resolution colour infrared aerial photographs, in combination with line intersect sampling and plots. The length of edge varied from 12 to 102 m ha-1 among landscapes, with an overall mean of 54 m ha-1. Created edges dominated most landscapes (mean 33 m ha-1) and had greater variability than natural edges (mean 21 m ha-1). Maintained edges (e.g. roads, agricultural land) were more abundant than regenerating edges caused by logging. Thirty percent of total edges adjoined narrow linear features. Seventy percent adjoined wider patches and showed high variability (35 classes). Overall, high-contrast edges towards mature forest dominated, i.e. ones that may experience strong edge influence. The amount of edge increased with percent of landscape affected by disturbance, and decreased with latitude and elevation. This study shows that edges are both abundant and highly variable in boreal forests and that forestry is the main driver behind edge creation. Detailed classification of edges based on site-specific forest and patch attributes may help to estimate edge influence at landscape level, and can guide experimental design for examining the impact of edges on structure and function of forest ecosystems.
机译：森林边缘对森林生态系统的结构和功能具有许多影响。先前关于边缘数量的研究使用了广泛的分类。但是，边缘影响是由相邻生态系统之间的植被结构差异引起的，因此我们需要详细的特定地点数据来评估边缘在森林中的作用。我们研究了瑞典北部整个830公里坡度中28个北方景观（4 km x 4 km）中锋利边缘的变化性。我们的目标是：（1）比较自然边缘和创建边缘的长度;（2）按边缘原点，维护和森林属性对边缘进行详细分类;（3）检查边缘长度与景观变量之间的关系。使用高空间分辨率彩色红外航拍照片的立体解释结合线相交采样和曲线图收集数据。景观之间的边长在12到102 m ha -1 之间变化，平均平均值为54 m ha -1 。创建的边缘在大多数景观中占主导地位（平均33 m ha -1 ），其变异性大于自然边缘（平均21 m ha -1 ）。保持的边缘（例如道路，农田）比伐木导致的再生边缘更丰富。总边缘的百分之三十与狭窄的线性特征相连。百分之七十的人与较宽的斑块相邻并表现出高变异性（35个类别）。总体而言，朝向成熟森林的高对比度边缘占主导地位，即可能受到强烈边缘影响的边缘。边缘数量随受干扰影响的景观百分比而增加，随纬度和海拔高度而减少。这项研究表明，北方森林的边缘既丰富又高度多变，林业是边缘创造的主要驱动力。基于特定地点的森林和斑块属性对边缘进行详细分类可以帮助估计景观水平上的边缘影响，并且可以指导实验设计检查边缘对森林生态系统的结构和功能的影响。

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