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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Ecology and Management >Salvage harvest effects on advance tree regeneration, soil nitrogen, and fuels following mountain pine beetle outbreak in lodgepole pine.
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Salvage harvest effects on advance tree regeneration, soil nitrogen, and fuels following mountain pine beetle outbreak in lodgepole pine.

机译：打捞收获对山松甲虫暴发后山松甲虫爆发后树木提前再生，土壤氮和燃料的影响。

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摘要

The extent and severity of recent native bark beetle (Dendroctonae) outbreaks in western North America have created a pressing need for forest managers to understand potential consequences of post-disturbance management. For example, post-outbreak timber harvest (i.e., salvage harvest) could alter future forest development, productivity and susceptibility to subsequent disturbance. To assess the potential for such consequences, we measured first-year effects of post-outbreak timber harvest on tree regeneration, soil nitrogen (N) availability and fuels by using a paired and replicated before-after-control-impact (BACI) experimental design with eight pairs of 0.25-ha plots in beetle-killed lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) in Greater Yellowstone (Wyoming, USA). Post-outbreak timber harvest reduced total (live+dead) lodgepole pine basal area by 90%. Total sapling density (advance regeneration) declined by about 50% following harvest, with tall (30-140 cm) saplings declining most, but mean post-harvest sapling density still exceeded 1600 stems ha-1. Relative species density was unaffected and remained dominated by lodgepole pine. Soil temperature at the litter-soil interface was warmer during summer in harvested stands, and soil NO3- concentration increased with harvest relative to untreated plots. Soil NH4+ concentration and resin bag N accumulation increased through time in all beetle-killed plots and were not affected by harvest. Following harvest, dead woody surface fuels in all size categories doubled, and canopy fuel load and canopy bulk density both were reduced; dead fuel depth, duff depth, and canopy base height did not differ between untreated and harvested plots. Harvest did reduce canopy fuels, but the natural progression of needle shedding after beetle-kill accounted for 25-40% of this total canopy fuel reduction. Salvage harvest seems unlikely to alter post-outbreak successional trajectories in these lodgepole pine forests. However, the altered fuel complex (immediate increase in dead woody surface fuels and expected long-term reduction in large-diameter fuels) in harvested plots could cause subsequent fire behavior and effects to differ between harvested and untreated stands.
机译：最近在北美西部爆发的本地树皮甲虫（Dendroctonae）暴发的程度和严重性使森林管理者迫切需要了解干扰后管理的潜在后果。例如，暴发后的木材采伐（即打捞采伐）可能会改变未来的森林发展，生产力和对后续干扰的敏感性。为了评估产生此类后果的可能性，我们使用配对和复制的“控制后影响前”（BACI）试验设计，测量了暴发后采伐木材对树木再生，土壤氮（N）可用性和燃料的第一年影响。在大黄石镇（美国怀俄明州）用八对成对的0.25公顷土地进行了甲虫杀死的黑松（Pinus contorta var。latifolia）。爆发后的木材采伐使（活的和死的）寄主松的基础面积减少了90％。收获后总树苗密度（提前再生）下降了约50％，其中高大的树苗（30-140厘米）下降最多，但平均收获后树苗密度仍超过1600茎ha -1 。相对物种密度不受影响，并且仍然由黑松树主导。与未处理地块相比，收获季的凋落物-土壤界面的土壤温度在夏季升高，并且土壤NO 3 -浓度随收获而增加。在所有甲虫杀害地中，土壤NH 4 + 浓度和树脂袋氮积累随时间增加，不受收获影响。收获后，所有尺寸类别的枯死木质表面燃料翻了一番，冠层燃料负荷和冠层堆积密度均降低了。未处理地块和收获地块之间的无用燃料深度，达芙深度和冠层基部高度没有差异。收获确实减少了冠层燃料，但是甲虫杀死后针脱落的自然过程占全部冠层燃料减少量的25-40％。打捞收获似乎不太可能改变这些黑松树林中爆发后的演替轨迹。但是，采伐区的燃料复杂性变化（死木表面燃料的立即增加和大直径燃料的预期长期减少）可能导致随后的火灾行为，且采伐和未处理林分的影响有所不同。

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