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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Ecology and Management >Restoring longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands: effects of restoration treatments on natural loblolly pine regeneration.
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Restoring longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands: effects of restoration treatments on natural loblolly pine regeneration.

机译：在火炬松（ Pinus taeda L.）中恢复长叶松树（ Palus palustris Mill。）的立场：恢复处理对天然火炬松的再生的影响。

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Historical land use and management practices in the southeastern United States have resulted in the dominance of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) on many upland sites that historically were occupied by longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.). There is currently much interest in restoring high quality longleaf pine habitats to such areas, but managers may also desire the retention of some existing canopy trees to meet current conservation objectives. However, fast-growing natural loblolly pine regeneration may threaten the success of artificially regenerated longleaf pine seedlings. We evaluated the establishment and growth of natural loblolly pine regeneration following different levels of timber harvest using single-tree selection (Control (uncut, residual basal area ~16 m2/ha), MedBA (residual basal area of ~9 m2/ha), LowBA (residual basal area of ~6 m2/ha), and Clearcut (complete canopy removal)) and to different positions within canopy gaps (approximately 2800 m2) created by patch cutting at two ecologically distinct sites within the longleaf pine range: Fort Benning, GA in the Middle Coastal Plain and Camp Lejeune, NC in the Lower Coastal Plain. The density of loblolly pine seedlings was much higher at Camp Lejeune than at Fort Benning at the end of the first growing season after harvesting. Following two growing seasons, there were no significant effects of canopy density or gap position on the density of loblolly pine seedlings at either site, but loblolly pine seedlings were taller on treatments with greater canopy removal. Prescribed fires applied following the second growing season killed 70.6% of loblolly pine seedlings at Fort Benning and 64.3% of seedlings at Camp Lejeune. Loblolly pine seedlings were generally less than 2 m tall, and completeness of the prescribed burns appeared more important for determining seedling survival than seedling size. Silvicultural treatments that include canopy removal, such as patch cutting or clearcuts, will increase loblolly pine seedling growth and shorten the window of opportunity for control with prescribed fire. Therefore, application of prescribed fire every 2-3 years will be critical for control of loblolly pine regeneration during restoration of longleaf pine in existing loblolly pine stands.
机译：美国东南部的历史土地使用和管理实践已导致许多高地上过去被长叶松（ Palus palustris < / i> Mill。）。当前人们对将高质量的长叶松树栖息地恢复到这些地区有很大的兴趣，但是管理者可能还希望保留一些现有的冠层树以满足当前的保护目标。但是，快速生长的天然火炬松再生可能会威胁到人工再生的长叶松树幼苗的成功。我们使用单树选择（对照（未切割，残留基础面积〜16 m 2 / ha），MedBA（残留基础面积），评估了不同采伐木材后天然火炬松再生的建立和生长。约9 m 2 / ha），LowBA（约6 m 2 / ha的残留基面积）和Clearcut（完全去除树冠））并移到其中的不同位置通过在长叶松树范围内的两个生态上不同的地点进行斑块切割而形成的树冠间隙（约2800 m 2 ）：中海岸平原的佐治亚州本宁堡和下海岸平原的北卡罗莱纳州坎普。收获后的第一个生长季结束时，Lejeune营的火炬松幼苗密度比本宁堡要高得多。在两个生长季节之后，冠层密度或间隙位置对任一地点的火炬松幼苗密度均无显着影响，但在冠层去除量更大的处理中，火炬松幼苗较高。在第二个生长季节之后开出的明火杀死了本宁堡70.6％的火炬松幼苗和Lejeune营地的64.3％的幼苗。火炬松幼苗通常不到2 m高，规定的烧伤完整性对于确定幼苗的存活似乎比幼苗的大小更为重要。包括去除冠层的造林处理，例如补丁切割或整块修剪，将增加火炬松的幼苗生长，并缩短用明火控制的机会之窗。因此，每2-3年使用规定的火种对于控制现有松木林分中的长叶松恢复过程中的松木再生控制至关重要。

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