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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Ecology and Management >Effect of selective logging on canopy and stand structure and tree species composition in a lowland dipterocarp forest in peninsular Malaysia
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Effect of selective logging on canopy and stand structure and tree species composition in a lowland dipterocarp forest in peninsular Malaysia

机译：选择性伐木对马来西亚半岛低地罗汉松林冠层和林分结构及树种组成的影响

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The authors compared tropical rain forest canopy structure and tree species composition in two forests southeast of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a primary forest and a regenerating forest that was selectively logged in 1958. For each of the forests, the study plots were set out and all trees of greater than or equal to 1 cm in DBH (diameter at breast height) were mapped and measured. Canopy heights were measured in the two study plots based upon aerial triangulation using aerial photographs taken over the forests in 1997. Using this data, digital elevation models of the canopy were then constructed. The mean canopy height was greater in the primary forest (27.4 m versus 24.8 m), as was the variance in height and the number of emergent canopy trees > 40 m height. The mean canopy surface area in the primary forest was nearly 1.5 times the value in the regenerating forest, and the mean crown size of canopy layer trees in the primary forest was more than twice that in the regenerating forest. The species diversity index (Fisher's a) differed for the two forests, indicating that tree species diversity had been affected by the logging. Both forests had the same five families with the greatest stem density (stems ha(-1)), but the 50 most abundant species, in terms of both stem density and basal area, differed greatly between the two forests. Stem densities and basal areas were similar, but the number of stems per hectare and the basal areas of medium-sized trees (10-30 cm in DBH) were distinctly higher in the regenerating forest. These results suggest that average basal area and stem density in the regenerating forest that had been selectively logged 41 years earlier had recovered to levels similar to those in the primary forest; however, the regenerating forest had a more monotonic canopy structure comprised of medium-sized trees growing at high density. These findings also imply that structural development takes a long time to manifest in a regenerating forest as a result of the time taken for the development of emergent and canopy trees and the formation of gaps; structural development might also be delayed by the high density of medium-sized trees in the canopy layer.
机译：作者比较了马来西亚吉隆坡东南部的两个森林中的热带雨林冠层结构和树木物种组成：1958年有选择地砍伐的原始森林和再生森林。针对每种森林，都列出了研究地块，所有绘制并测量DBH大于或等于1厘米（胸高的直径）的树木。根据1997年在森林上拍摄的航拍照片，在空中三角测量的基础上，在两个研究区中测量了冠层高度。然后，利用这些数据，构建了冠层的数字高程模型。在原始森林中，平均冠层高度更大（27.4 m对24.8 m），高度的变化和> 40 m高度的出露冠层树的数量也是如此。原始森林的平均冠层表面积是再生林的近1.5倍，原始森林的冠层平均树冠大小是再生林的两倍。两种森林的物种多样性指数（Fisher's a）不同，表明伐木对树木物种多样性产生了影响。两种森林都有相同的五个科，其茎密度最大（茎ha（-1）），但就茎密度和基础面积而言，这50种最丰富的物种在两种森林之间差异很大。茎密度和基面积相似，但再生林中每公顷的茎数和中型树木（DBH中为10-30厘米）的基面积明显更高。这些结果表明，在41年前有选择地采伐的再生林中，平均基础面积和茎密度已恢复到与原始林相似的水平。然而，再生林具有更单调的冠层结构，由高密度生长的中型树木组成。这些发现还暗示，由于需要花大量时间来形成萌芽和冠层树并形成空隙，因此结构开发需要很长时间才能体现在再生林中。冠层中中等树木的高密度也可能会延迟结构的发展。

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