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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Ecology and Management >Comparison of breeding bird assemblages in conifer plantations managed by continuous cover forestry and clearfelling
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Comparison of breeding bird assemblages in conifer plantations managed by continuous cover forestry and clearfelling

机译：针叶人工林连续覆盖林和清伐林经营的繁殖鸟类组合比较。

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Continuous cover systems are increasingly advocated for stand management but the implications for bio-diversity in European forests, and specifically in plantations of non-native trees, are poorly understood. Timed point counts were used to quantify differences in species richness and abundance of breeding birds supported by conifer plantations (with major Sitka spruce components) under two contrasting management systems in upland Britain: continuous cover forestry (CCF) and clearfelling with replanting (CFR). Each CCF study area was paired with a comparable CFR study area. Sample points within CCF areas were divided into areas with extensive regenerating understorey and areas with none; sample points within CFR study areas were placed within young thicket and pre-thicket stands (trees 10 years old) and older stands (15-30 years old). Poisson GLMMs were used to identify differences in bird species richness and abundance between the four treatments testing the predictions: (a) CCF can support an enhanced assemblage of forest birds relative to CFR (including mature CFR); and (b) CFR can support a broader range of open habitat and shrubland species relative to CCF (including those with a regenerating understorey). Ranking forest types in descending order of species richness gave: CCF with shrub understorey > CCF without shrubs > young pre-thicket CFR > mature CFR. Many 'mature forest birds' were more abundant, or recorded only, within CCF (e.g. blackcap, wood warbler, redstart and hawfinch). A small number of species associated with young-growth ('shrubland' and 'shrub-layer' species) were most abundant in pre-thicket CFR but a CCF understorey supported some species at densities approaching those found in pre-thicket CFR. Simulations of the effect of increasing the proportion of plantation under CCF indicated for example that a plantation managed exclusively as CCF could support as few as 53% of the willow warblers as one managed exclusively as CFR. A plantation managed exclusively as CCF could support as few as 70% of the lesser redpolls as one managed as CFR, but could support twice as many blackcaps. CCF could be of greater conservation value to many forest birds than CFR. However, CCF may not support such high densities of some species (e.g. dunnock, willow warbler and lesser redpoll) as those found in young growth stage CFR. Forest management that includes some young growth areas alongside CCF could prove to be a strategy that maximises the capacity of a forested landscape to support a greater diversity of bird species. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：越来越多的人主张对林分管理实行连续覆盖系统，但是人们对欧洲森林，尤其是非本地树木的人工林对生物多样性的影响知之甚少。定时点数用于量化英国高地两种对比管理系统下针叶树人工林（主要有Sitka云杉成分）支持的针叶树种的物种丰富度和丰度差异：连续覆盖林业（CCF）和带再造的清伐（CFR）。每个CCF研究区域都与可比较的CFR研究区域配对。 CCF区域内的采样点分为再生不足的底层和没有再生的区域。 CFR研究区域内的采样点放置在年轻的灌木丛和针i前林分（树木<10岁）和较老的林分（15-30岁）中。 Poisson GLMM用于确定检验预测的四种处理之间鸟类物种丰富度和丰度的差异：（a）CCF可以支持森林鸟类相对于CFR（包括成熟CFR）的增强组装; （b）与CCF相比，CFR可以支持更广泛的开放生境和灌木林物种（包括那些具有底层发育的物种）。按物种丰富度从高到低的顺序对森林类型进行排序：灌木丛以下的CCF>灌木丛没有的CCF>针i林前的CFR>成熟的CFR。在CCF中，许多“成熟的森林鸟类”更为丰富或仅有记录（例如黑帽，莺，红尾wood和山雀）。少量的与年轻生长有关的物种（“灌木丛”和“灌木层”物种）在针i前CFR中最丰富，但CCF下层支持某些物种的密度接近在针th前CFR中发现的密度。对在CCF下增加人工林比例的影响进行的模拟表明，例如，仅以CCF管理的人工林可以支持仅以CFR进行人工管理的柳莺的53％。仅由CCF管理的人工林可以支持比CFR管理的人工林少70％的较小的红色民意测验，但可以支持两倍的黑cap。与CFR相比，CCF对许多森林鸟类的保护价值更高。但是，CCF可能不支持某些年轻物种（例如，唐诺克，柳莺和较小的红投票）的高密度，而在幼年期CFR中却没有。包括CCF在内的一些年轻生长区的森林管理可能被证明是一种策略，可以最大化森林景观的能力，以支持更多种类的鸟类。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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