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Epigenomics and Nutrition

机译:表观基因组学与营养学

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Epigenomics or epigenetics refers to the modification of DNA that can influence the phenotype through changing gene expression without altering the nucleotide sequence of the DNA. Two examples are methylation of DNA and acetylation of the histone DNA-binding proteins. Dietary components - both nutrients and nonnutrients - can influence these epige-netic events, altering genetic expression and potentially modifying disease risk. Some of these epigenetic changes appear to be heritable. Understanding the role that diet and nutrition play in modifying genetic expression is complex given the range of food choices, the diversity of nutrient intakes, the individual differences in genetic backgrounds and intestinal physiological environments where food is metabolized, as well as the impact on and acceptance of new technologies by consumers.
机译:表观基因组学或表观遗传学是指可以通过改变基因表达而不改变DNA核苷酸序列而影响表型的DNA修饰。两个例子是DNA的甲基化和组蛋白DNA结合蛋白的乙酰化。饮食成分-营养成分和非营养成分-都可能影响这些流行病事件,改变基因表达并可能改变疾病风险。这些表观遗传变化中的一些似乎是可遗传的。考虑到食物选择的范围,营养摄入的多样性,遗传背景和食物代谢的肠道生理环境的个体差异以及对食物代谢的影响,了解饮食和营养在改变基因表达中的作用非常复杂。消费者的新技术。

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