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Determination of biological reference points for Bristol Bay red king crab

机译：布里斯托湾红帝王蟹的生物参考点的测定

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摘要

The US Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act mandates precautionary management to attain near maximum sustainable yield (MSY)-producing stock and exploitation levels on a long-term basis. Various biological reference points (BRPs) have been suggested as surrogates for MSY-producing instantaneous fishing mortality (F-MSY) and total stock biomass (SSB(F-MSY)), which are largely derived from finfish biological and fisheries characteristics, for poorly understood stocks. BRP estimation for some crab fisheries has been complicated by the fact that only males are harvested and that recruitment, in many instances, is largely driven by environmental factors rather than density-dependent responses. For managing Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands crab stocks, instantaneous natural mortality (M) is used as a proxy for F-MSY, and mean annual total mature stock biomass during 1983-1997 is used for SSB(F-MSY). In this paper, harvest rate- and biomass-based BRPs were determined using crab-specific parameters for Bristol Bay red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus). Effective spawning stock biomass-per-recruit for combined sexes was estimated by length-based analysis and used in conjunction with Beverton-Holt and Ricker stock-recruit (S-R) models for various parametric values to explore the trends in MSY-producing legal male harvest rate at the time of the fishery (E(F-MSY)), as a proportion of stock harvested; log(10) of (F-MSY/M) ratio; and total mature stock biomass ratio SSB(F-MSY)/SSB(0), where SSB(0) was the virgin total mature stock biomass. The F-MSY exceeded M for most cases. For a plausible S-R shape parameter (tau) range = 0.3-0.5, M = 0.3, handling mortality proportion = 0.2, and instantaneous bycatch mortality = 0.01; the SSB(F-MSY) ranged from 58 to 74% of SSB(0) for the mating ratio 1:1, and 40-55% of SSB(0) for the mating ratio 1:3. The E(F-MSY) ranged 16-35% for the mating ratio 1:1, and 40-79% for the mating ratio 1:3. The E(F-MSY) was more sensitive to mating ratio and handling mortality than bycatch mortality. Considering the uncertainty in stock parameters and recruitment, a precautionary legal male target harvest rate below 18% was suggested to rebuild the stock equal to or above 66% of the pristine total mature biomass.
机译：美国《马格努森-史蒂文斯渔业养护和管理法》规定，预防性管理应长期达到接近最大可持续产量（MSY）的生产和开采水平。有人建议使用各种生物参考点（BRP）作为产生MSY的瞬时捕捞死亡率（F-MSY）和总种群生物量（SSB（F-MSY））的替代物，这些替代物主要来源于有鳍鱼类的生物学和渔业特征，但效果较差了解的股票。由于仅捕捞雄性，而且在许多情况下，征聘在很大程度上是由环境因素而不是密度依赖性反应驱动的，这使某些蟹类渔业的BRP估计变得复杂。为了管理白令海和阿留申群岛的螃蟹种群，使用瞬时自然死亡率（M）代替F-MS​​Y，并且使用SSB（F-MSY）表示1983-1997年期间的年平均总成熟种群生物量。在本文中，使用布里斯托尔湾红帝王蟹（Paralithodes camtschaticus）的螃蟹特定参数确定了基于收获量和生物量的BRP。通过基于长度的分析，估算了适合性别的有效产卵生物量，并与Beverton-Holt和Ricker储物补充（SR）模型结合使用，用于各种参数值，以探索MSY生产合法雄性收割的趋势捕捞时的比率（E（F-MSY）），占捕捞种群的比例; （F-MSY / M）比的log（10）;总成熟股票生物量比率SSB（F-MSY）/ SSB（0），其中SSB（0）是原始总成熟股票生物量。在大多数情况下，F-MSY超过M。对于合理的S-R形状参数（tau），范围= 0.3-0.5，M = 0.3，处理死亡率比例= 0.2，瞬时兼捕死亡率= 0.01;对于1：1的配比，SSB（F-MSY）的范围是SSB（0）的58％到74％，对于1：3的配比，SSB（0）的40-55％。配合比1：1的E（F-MSY）范围为16-35％，配合比1：3的E（F-MSY）为40-79％。与兼捕死亡率相比，E（F-MSY）对交配率和处理死亡率更敏感。考虑到种群参数和募集的不确定性，建议采用低于18％的预防性法定雄性目标收成率来重建等于或大于原始总成熟生物量66％的种群。

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