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Retained and discarded by-catch from oceanic prawn trawling in New SouthWales, Australia

机译：澳大利亚新南威尔士州对虾拖网捕捞的副渔获物

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摘要

The catches and by-catches of oceanic prawn trawlers were identified and quantified in a stratified, randomized, observer survey of four of the most important fleets in NSW, Australia. For each port, catches were sampled from all tows done during replicate fishing trips in each season from winter 1990 to autumn 1992. Data were examined using analyses of variance of relative abundances of individual species and groups of species, multi-dimensional scaling of the full by-catch dataset, estimates of retained by-catches and discards by the four ports (incorporating estimates of fishing effort) and length-frequency distributions of common discards. The results revealed a latitudinal gradient in by-catch and discarding with larger quantities occurring northwards. However, significant species-specific variations in abundances were detected at all spatial and temporal scales sampled such that the occurrences and abundances of particular by-catch species depended on the location, season and year examined. In catching an estimated 1 579t of prawns during the two-year survey, the oceanic prawn trawlers from the four ports were estimated to have caught approx. 16 435t of by-catch (a by-catch-to-prawn ratio of 10.4: 1). Of this by-catch, 2 952t were estimated to have been retained for sale and 13 458t were discarded - including several million individuals of commercially and recreationally important species (e.g. snapper, eastern blue-spot flathead, red-spot whiting). We discuss the results in terms of the spatial and temporal variations in these discards and the relative effectiveness of various ways to reduce them, including fixed and flexible closures to trawling and selective trawl gears and fishing practices.
机译：通过对澳大利亚新南威尔士州四个最重要船队的分层，随机，观察员调查，对海洋虾拖网渔船的捕获量和副渔获量进行了量化。对于每个港口，在1990年冬季至1992年秋季的每个季节的重复捕鱼旅行中，从所有拖曳中捕获的所有渔获物进行采样。使用单个物种和物种组的相对丰度方差分析，整个物种的多维尺度分析数据副渔获物数据集，四个港口保留的副渔获物和丢弃物的估算值（包括捕捞努力的估算值）和常见丢弃物的长度频率分布。结果表明，副渔获物和纬度中的纬度梯度较大，向北倾斜。但是，在所有采样的空间和时间尺度上，都检测到物种特异性的丰度显着变化，因此特定副渔获物物种的发生和丰度取决于所检查的位置，季节和年份。在为期两年的调查中，大约捕捞了1579吨虾，估计来自这四个港口的大洋拖网渔船捕捞了约80只虾。捕捞量为16 435吨（捕捞对虾比率为10.4：1）。在该副渔获物中，估计有2 952吨被保留出售，13 458吨被丢弃，其中包括数百万个人的商业和休闲重要物种（例如鲷鱼，东部蓝点flat鱼，红点白垩病）。我们将根据这些丢弃物的时空变化以及各种减少丢弃物的相对有效性来讨论结果，包括固定和灵活关闭拖网渔具和选择性拖网渔具以及捕鱼方法。

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