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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology >Twenty-five years since the discovery of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF): does a dysfunctional endothelium contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes?
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Twenty-five years since the discovery of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF): does a dysfunctional endothelium contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes?

机译:自发现内皮源性舒张因子(EDRF)已有25年了:内皮功能障碍是否会导致2型糖尿病的发展?

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Twenty-five years ago, the discovery of endothelium-derived relaxing factor opened a door that revealed a new and exciting role for the endothelium in the regulation of blood flow and led to the discovery that nitric oxide (NO) multi-tasked as a novel cell-signalling molecule. During the next 25 years, our understanding of both the importance of the endothelium as well as NO has greatly expanded. No longer simply a barrier between the blood and vascular smooth muscle, the endothelium is now recognized as a complex tissue with heterogeneous properties. The endothelium is the source of not only NO but also numerous vasoactive molecules and signalling pathways, some of which are still not fully characterized such as the putative endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Dysfunction of the endothelium is a key risk factor for the development of macro- and microvascular disease and, by coincidence, the discovery that NO was generated in the endothelium corresponds approximately in time with the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes. Primarily linked to dietary and lifestyle changes, we are now facing a global pandemic of type 2 diabetes. Characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, type 2 diabetes is increasingly being diagnosed in adolescents as well as children. Is there a link between dietary-related hyperglycaemic insults to the endothelium, blood flow changes, and the development of insulin resistance? This review explores the evidence for and against this hypothesis.
机译:二十五年前,内皮源性舒张因子的发现打开了一扇门,揭示了内皮素在调节血流中的新作用,并导致发现一氧化氮(NO)作为一种新型多任务细胞信号分子。在接下来的25年中,我们对内皮以及一氧化氮的重要性的了解已大大扩展。内皮不再仅仅是血液和血管平滑肌之间的屏障,现在被认为是具有异质特性的复杂组织。内皮不仅​​是NO的来源,而且还是众多血管活性分子和信号通路的来源,其中某些仍未完全表征,例如推定的内皮源性舒张因子。内皮功能障碍是大血管和微血管疾病发展的关键危险因素,巧合的是,发现内皮中生成NO的时间大约与2型糖尿病的发病率增加相对应。主要与饮食和生活方式的变化有关,我们现在正面临2型糖尿病的全球大流行。 2型糖尿病以胰岛素抵抗和高血糖症为特征,在青少年和儿童中越来越多地被诊断出来。饮食相关的对内皮的高血糖损伤,血流变化和胰岛素抵抗的发展之间是否存在联系?这篇评论探讨了支持和反对这一假设的证据。

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