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Fungal laccases.

机译：真菌漆酶。

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摘要

Laccases are enzymes widely distributed in plants, fungi, bacteria, and insects. They are multicopper oxidases that catalyze the transformation of aromatic and non-aromatic compounds with reduction of molecular oxygen to water. These enzymes participate in processes such as biosynthesis and lignin degradation, morphogenesis, and pigment biosynthesis, among others. In this review we discuss relevant aspects of fungal laccases regarding the existence of fungal laccases gene families, the growing interest in investigating mechanisms of their molecular regulation, and factors that influence the production of laccases, due to their potential biotechnological applications. In addition we comparatively analyzed some structural similarities and differences depicting general features of laccases' active site, demonstrating their frequency as monomeric proteins with highly conserved cupredoxine type domains. Although inter- and intra-specific differences have been determined, structural differences encountered between fungal laccases remain unclear based on Crystallography and X-ray diffraction
机译：漆酶是广泛分布在植物，真菌，细菌和昆虫中的酶。它们是多铜氧化酶，可催化芳香族和非芳香族化合物的转化，同时将分子氧还原为水。这些酶参与诸如生物合成和木质素降解，形态发生和色素生物合成等过程。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了真菌漆酶的相关方面，包括真菌漆酶基因家族的存在，研究其分子调控机制的兴趣日益增长以及由于其潜在的生物技术应用而影响漆酶生产的因素。此外，我们比较分析了一些结构相似性和差异性，这些差异描述了漆酶活性位点的一般特征，证明了它们作为具有高度保守的铜氧还蛋白类型结构域的单体蛋白的频率。尽管已经确定了种间和种内差异，但基于结晶学和X射线衍射，真菌漆酶之间遇到的结构差异仍不清楚

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