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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T >The Water Intensity of the Plugged-ln Automotive Economy
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The Water Intensity of the Plugged-ln Automotive Economy

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摘要

Converting light-duty vehicles from full gasoline power to electric power, by using either hybrid electric vehicles or fully electric power vehicles, is likely to increase demand for water resources. In the United States in 2005, drivers of 234 million cars, lighttrucks, and SUVs drove approximately 2.7 trillion miles and consumed over 380 million gallons of gasoline per day. We compare figures from literature and government surveys to calculate the water usage, consumption, and withdrawal, in the United States during petroleum refining and electricity generation. In displacing gasoline miles with electric miles, approximately 3 times more water is consumed (0.32 versus 0.07-0.14 gallons/mile) and over 17times more water is withdrawn (10.6 versus 0.6 gallons/mile) primarily due to increased water cooling of thermoelectric power plants to accommodate increased electricity generation. Overall, we conclude that the impact on water resources from a widespread shift to grid-based transportation would be substantial enough to warrant consideration for relevant public policy decision-making. That is not to say that the negative impacts on water resources make such a shift undesirable, but rather this increase in water usage presents a significant potential impact on regional water resources and should be considered when planning for a plugged-in automotive economy.

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T》 |2008年第12期|4305-4311|共7页
  • 作者

    CAREY W. KING; MICHAEL E. WEBBER;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, 10100 Burnet Road, Bldg. PRC 130, E0620, Austin, Texas 78713;

    Center for International Energy and Environmental Policy, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, P.O. Box B, Austin, Texas 78713-8902;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 英语
  • 中图分类 环境化学;
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