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首页> 外文期刊>Marine Geology >Seismic stratigraphy of the Frontal Hawaiian Moat: implications for sedimentary processes at the leading edge of an oceanic hotspot trace
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Seismic stratigraphy of the Frontal Hawaiian Moat: implications for sedimentary processes at the leading edge of an oceanic hotspot trace

机译：正面夏威夷护城河的地震地层学：对海洋热点迹线前沿的沉积过程的影响

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Multi-channel seismic imaging reveals the seismic stratigraphy and associated sedimentary processes of the Frontal Hawaiian Moat (FHM) to the southeast of the island of Hawaii. Two sedimentary units are defined: (1) a basal layer of pelagic sediment draping the oceanic basement and (2) a wedge of volcaniclastic material infilling the FHM and onlapping the Frontal Hawaiian Arch. Three distinct seismic facies within the volcaniclastic unit are recognized: (A) areas of chaotic or incoherent reflections interpreted as proximal debris avalanche or slump deposits; (B) groups of hummocky and distorted reflections interpreted as distal debris avalanche or debris flow deposits; and (C) regions of parallel and laterally continuous reflections interpreted as turbidite deposits. The distribution of these facies delineates slope apron, proximal basin, and distal basin depositional environments (respectively) within the FHM. The northwest drift of the Pacific Plate over the Hawaiian hot spot results in the apparent southeasterly migration of the Hawaiian chain. Advancement of the depositional environments within the FHM occurs as individual volcanoes evolve, erode, and are superseded by new volcanic centers. The interplay between depositional processes and tectonic forces (plate motion and lithospheric flexure) predicts a coarsening-upward stratigraphy within the FHM. The combined accumulation of pelagic and volcaniclastic sediment defines a heterogeneous, and potentially unstable, layer of low strength material beneath the volcanic edifice that may influence the mobility of the island flanks.
机译：多通道地震成像揭示了夏威夷岛东南部的正面夏威夷护城河（FHM）的地震地层和相关沉积过程。定义了两个沉积单元：（1）上层沉积物的基底层覆盖海洋基底;（2）火山碎屑材料楔形物填充了FHM并覆盖了额海夏威夷拱。火山碎屑单元内三个不同的地震相被识别：（A）混沌或非相干反射的区域，被解释为近端碎片雪崩或坍落沉积; （B）一群山丘和扭曲的反射，被解释为远端碎屑雪崩或泥石流沉积物; （C）平行和横向连续反射的区域被解释为浊积沉积物。这些相的分布描绘了FHM中的斜坡围带，盆底和盆底沉积环境（分别）。太平洋板块在夏威夷热点上的西北漂移导致夏威夷链明显向东南迁移。随着单个火山的演化，侵蚀和被新的火山中心所取代，FHM内沉积环境的发展也随之发生。沉积过程和构造力（板块运动和岩石圈弯曲）之间的相互作用预示着FHM内部地层向上粗化。浮游沉积和火山碎屑沉积物的共同堆积在火山大厦下方形成了一种非均质的，可能不稳定的低强度物质层，这可能会影响岛屿侧面的活动性。

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