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In-situ high-temperature tensile testing of a polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy

机译：多晶镍基高温合金的原位高温拉伸试验

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摘要

An in-situ testing method for high-temperature time-resolved surface observations inside the scanning electron microscope is described and used to improve the mechanistic understanding of a new polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy. The in-situ observations are able to elucidate surface mechanisms of damage in different deformation regimes. Tensile tests from ambient conditions to 750 degrees C determine the effect of temperature on the prevalent modes of deformation. At low and intermediate temperatures, the formation of discrete slip bands and the cracking of the harder precipitates (carbides) are observed directly. Under this regime, both inter- and trans-granular failure are observed. At the highest temperatures tested, the mechanism of damage is different; the grain boundaries, their orientation and their precipitates play a crucial role. Void growth is directly observed as a consequence of small hard-particle decohesion from the matrix, within those grain boundaries of relative orientation which promotes the shear deformation. As deformation increases, voids grow and coalesce, forming grain boundary cracks thus leading to catastrophic intergranular failure: this manifests itself as low-ductility particularly at the high-temperature conditions.
机译：描述了一种用于在扫描电子显微镜内部进行高温时间分辨表面观察的原位测试方法，该方法用于提高对新型多晶镍基高温合金的机械理解。现场观察能够阐明不同变形方式下破坏的表面机制。从环境条件到750摄氏度的拉伸测试确定了温度对普遍变形模式的影响。在低温和中温下，可以直接观察到离散滑带的形成以及较硬的沉淀物（碳化物）的破裂。在这种情况下，观察到了晶间和晶间衰竭。在测试的最高温度下，损坏的机理是不同的。晶界，其取向和沉淀物起着至关重要的作用。由于小的硬颗粒从基体上脱粘，在促进剪切变形的相对取向的那些晶界内，直接观察到空隙的增长。随着变形的增加，空隙会增长并聚结，形成晶界裂纹，从而导致灾难性的晶间破坏：这表现为低延展性，特别是在高温条件下。

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