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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology: Revue Canadienne de phytopathologie >Clubroot in Australia: the history and impact of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica crops and research efforts directed towards its control. (Special Issue: Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) on canola and other brassica species: disease development, epidemiology and management.)
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Clubroot in Australia: the history and impact of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica crops and research efforts directed towards its control. (Special Issue: Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) on canola and other brassica species: disease development, epidemiology and management.)

机译：澳大利亚的Clubroot：芸苔（Plasmodiophora）芸苔在芸苔属作物中的历史和影响以及针对其防治的研究工作。 （特刊：关于双低油菜籽和其他芸苔属的Clubroot（Plasmodiophora brasicae）：疾病发展，流行病学和管理。）

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摘要

Plasmodiophora brassicae, the obligate biotrophic plant pathogen causing clubroot of Brassica crops, has been present in Australia since the 1890s. The disease spread rapidly in vegetable Brassica crops, causing widespread losses during the 1980s and 1990s due to the increasing intensity of Brassica production and the extensive use of transplants. In response to the escalating problems caused by this disease in vegetable Brassica crops, a survey and pilot studies were initiated in 1993. This grew to become a coordinated national programme delivering clubroot research, development and extension to the Brassica industry until 2010. The key outcome of the programme was reduced crop losses through more effective and sustainable management of clubroot. This was achieved by the development and implementation of integrated, disease management strategies involving the use of good farm and nursery hygiene, early disease detection, application of lime (as calcium oxide) to maintain soil alkalinity, use of calcium and boron fertilizers, and strategic application of fungicides. Successful use of these integrated strategies reduced industry reliance on soil fumigants for disease control. This review details the history and impact of clubroot in Australia and research efforts directed towards its control.
机译：自1890年代以来，在澳大利亚就已经出现了芸苔疟原虫（Plasmodiophora Brasicaicae），这是造成芸苔属作物根部的专性生物营养性植物病原体。该病在甘蓝型蔬菜作物中迅速传播，由于甘蓝生产强度的提高和移植的广泛使用，在1980年代和1990年代造成了广泛的损失。为了应对这种疾病在蔬菜芸苔属作物上日益严重的问题，于1993年启动了一项调查和试点研究。该研究逐渐成为一项协调一致的国家计划，将根茎类研究，开发和推广推广到芸苔产业，直至2010年。关键成果该计划的目的是通过对根部进行更有效和可持续的管理来减少作物损失。这是通过制定和实施综合的疾病管理策略来实现的，这些策略涉及使用良好的农场和苗圃卫生，早期疾病检测，使用石灰（作为氧化钙）保持土壤碱度，使用钙和硼肥料以及战略措施。杀菌剂的应用。这些综合策略的成功使用减少了行业对土壤熏蒸剂进行疾病控制的依赖。这篇评论详细介绍了clubroot在澳大利亚的历史和影响以及针对其控制的研究工作。

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