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首页> 外文期刊>Maturitas: International Journal for the Study of the Climacteric >Ovarian follicular growth in humans: ovarian ageing and population of growing follicles.
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Ovarian follicular growth in humans: ovarian ageing and population of growing follicles.

机译：人类卵巢卵泡生长：卵巢衰老和卵泡生长。

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摘要

By integrating morphometrical and endocrinological data, as well as biological effects of various peptides synthesized by the primate follicle, the current review proposes a morphofunctional view of the early follicle growth within the human ovary. From the time they enter the preantral stage (0.15 mm), during the early luteal phase, follicles need about 70 days to reach a size of 2 mm. These follicles are impervious to cyclic FSH and LH changes in terms of granulosa cell (GC) proliferation, and their steroidogenic activity is very low. From the time they enter the selectable stage (2-5 mm in diameter) during the late luteal phase, follicles become sensitive to cyclic changes of FSH in terms of quality and GC proliferation, but not in terms of GC aromatase activity. Thus, as the follicle develops, its responsiveness to gonadotropins progressively increases. In vitro studies suggest that this progressive acquisition of follicular cell responsiveness to gonadotropins might be under the control of peptides acting in an autocrine/paracrine fashion within the follicle. The numbers of growing follicles decrease with ageing, especially in women over the age of 40. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, selectable follicles exhibit a mitotic activity of their GC higher in women older than 40 years than in younger women.
机译：通过整合形态学和内分泌学数据，以及灵长类动物卵泡合成的各种肽的生物学效应，本综述提出了人卵巢内早期卵泡生长的形态功能观点。从进入黄体前期（0.15 mm）开始到卵泡期，卵泡大约需要70天才能达到2 mm的大小。这些卵泡不受颗粒细胞（GC）增殖的周期性FSH和LH变化的影响，其类固醇生成活性非常低。从黄体后期进入选择阶段（直径2-5毫米）开始，卵泡就质量和GC增殖而言对FSH的周期性变化敏感，而对GC芳香酶活性则不敏感。因此，随着卵泡的发育，其对促性腺激素的反应性逐渐增加。体外研究表明，这种对卵泡细胞对促性腺激素的反应性的逐步获得可能在卵泡内以自分泌/旁分泌方式起作用的肽的控制下。随着年龄的增长，越来越多的卵泡数量减少，尤其是在40岁以上的女性中。在月经周期的卵泡期，年龄大于40岁的女性中，卵泡的有丝分裂活性高于年轻女性。

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