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首页> 外文期刊>Medical and Pediatric Oncology: The Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Education >Role of estrogen and androgen in pubertal skeletal physiology.
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Role of estrogen and androgen in pubertal skeletal physiology.

机译：雌激素和雄激素在青春期骨骼生理中的作用。

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摘要

Since both estrogen and androgen are present in each sex, it has been difficult to discern the exact role that each sex steroid plays in skeletal physiology. However, studying clinical syndromes in which there is either only estrogen or androgen action has allowed us to gain insight into the unique role that each sex steroid plays in the growing skeleton. In complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) the only functional sex steroid receptor is that for estrogen. Effected XY females have a pubertal growth spurt that is typical of normal females, both in magnitude and timing. Individuals with AIS have a mild reduction in bone density but it is difficult to distinguish whether this is the result of androgen resistance or estrogen deficiency. These observations suggest that estrogen action only is sufficient to induce a normal pubertal growth spurt, epiphyseal maturation, and near normal bone mineral accretion in women. Until recently, the skeletal effects of estrogen were not thought to be of importance in the male. Conventional wisdom dictated that, in the male, testosterone mediated these skeletal changes. The notion that estrogen is of little importance in the male has been challenged by the recent discovery of two human syndromes in which estrogen action is lacking. In males with either estrogen resistance (inability to respond to circulating estrogen) or aromatase deficiency (inability to synthesize estradiol), as a result of the lack of estrogen action, a pubertal growth spurt does not appear to occur. Furthermore, complete epiphyseal maturation does not take place allowing for continued growth in adulthood and resultant tall stature. Finally normal bone mineral accretion does not take place resulting in severe osteoporosis. These findings indicate that estrogen plays a critical role in skeletal physiology of males as well as females.
机译：由于每种性别中都存在雌激素和雄激素，因此很难辨别每种类固醇在骨骼生理中所起的确切作用。但是，研究仅具有雌激素或雄激素作用的临床综合征可以使我们深入了解每种性类固醇在骨骼生长中的独特作用。在完全雄激素不敏感综合症（AIS）中，唯一的功能性类固醇受体是雌激素。受影响的XY雌性在大小和时间上均具有正常雌性典型的青春期生长突增。 AIS患者的骨密度轻度降低，但是很难区分这是雄激素抵抗还是雌激素缺乏的结果。这些观察结果表明，雌激素的作用仅足以诱发正常的青春期生长突增，骨epi成熟和接近正常的骨骼矿物质增生。直到最近，雌激素的骨骼作用在男性中才被认为是重要的。传统观点认为，在男性中，睾丸激素介导了这些骨骼变化。最近发现的两种缺乏雌激素作用的人类综合症，对雌激素在男性中重要性不高的观念提出了挑战。由于缺乏雌激素作用，具有雌激素抵抗力（无法响应循环中的雌激素）或芳香酶缺乏症（无法合成雌二醇）的男性似乎未出现青春期生长骤增。此外，骨phy未完全成熟，导致成年后持续增长并导致身材高大。最终，正常的骨骼矿物质不会增加，从而导致严重的骨质疏松症。这些发现表明，雌激素在男性和女性的骨骼生理中都起着至关重要的作用。

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