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首页> 外文期刊>Medicine and science in sports and exercise >Respiratory muscles, exercise performance, and health in overweight and obese subjects.
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Respiratory muscles, exercise performance, and health in overweight and obese subjects.

机译：超重和肥胖受试者的呼吸肌，运动表现和健康状况。

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PURPOSE: Overweight and obese subjects often perceive increased breathlessness during minor exertion and therefore avoid exercise. Respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) can reduce the perception of breathlessness. We hypothesized that RMET 1 month before and during a 6-month (3 months supervised + 3 months unsupervised) exercise and nutrition counseling program (EN) would improve the benefits of EN. METHODS: Twenty-six overweight and obese subjects with significant perception of breathlessness during exercise (age = 33 +/- 9 yr, body mass index (BMI) = 31.3 +/- 4.9 kg.m(-2)) were randomized to RMET+EN (R+EN) or EN alone. R+EN performed 30 min of normocapnic hyperpnea 5 wk(-1) before and 2 wk(-1) during EN. EN consisted of two strength and three endurance training sessions per week, as well as prescribed nutritional composition and a 2.1-kJ (500-kcal) energy deficit per day. Both groups had an equal number of laboratory visits during the 7 months. Before and after 4 and 7 months, subjects performed a 12-min time trial (TT; 6 + 6 min, 2-min pause) and an incremental cycling test (ICT) to exhaustion, and blood lipids were assessed. RESULTS: Weight loss was significant and similar in both groups (-4.2 vs -3.7 kg; both P < 0.05). During the first 4 months, distance covered in 12 min improved more (P < 0.05) with R+EN (1678 vs 1824 m; P < 0.001) than with EN alone (1638 vs 1698 m; P < 0.05), whereas after R+EN, breathlessness during the ICT was reduced. Blood lipids of the pooled group improved in those subjects with pathologic values before the study. Despite reduced training compliance during the unsupervised period, subjects of both groups maintained the benefits attained during the supervised period. CONCLUSIONS: R+EN improved TT performance more than EN alone, despite similar weight loss, possibly owing to the reduced perception of breathlessness.
机译：目的：超重和肥胖的受试者在轻度运动时常常会感到呼吸困难，因此应避免运动。呼吸肌耐力训练（RMET）可以减少呼吸困难的感觉。我们假设RMET在运动和营养咨询计划（EN）的1个月之前和6个月（受监督的3个月+无监督的3个月）期间和1个月期间会改善EN的益处。方法：将26名超重和肥胖受试者（运动年龄为33 +/- 9岁，体重指数（BMI）= 31.3 +/- 4.9 kg.m（-2）），对运动中的呼吸困难有明显的感知，将其随机分为RMET + EN（R + EN）或仅EN。 R + EN在EN前5 wk（-1）和2 wk（-1）进行了30分钟的正常碳酸呼吸。 EN包括每周两次力量训练和三个耐力训练，以及规定的营养成分和每天2.1kJ（500kcal）的能量缺乏。在这7个月中，两组的实验室访视次数相同。在4个月和7个月之前和之后，受试者进行了12分钟的时间试验（TT; 6 + 6分钟，停顿2分钟）和增量循环试验（ICT）进行疲劳测试，并评估了血脂。结果：两组的体重减轻均显着且相似（-4.2 vs -3.7 kg;两者均P <0.05）。在最初的4个月中，R + EN（1678 vs. 1824 m; P <0.001）比单独使用EN（1638 vs. 1698 m; P <0.05）在12分钟内覆盖的距离改善更大（P <0.05）。 + EN，减少了ICT期间的呼吸困难。在研究前具有病理学价值的受试者中，合并组的血脂有所改善。尽管在无监督的时期内训练依从性降低，但两组受试者仍保持在无监督的时期内获得的收益。结论：尽管体重减轻相似，R + EN仍比单独的EN改善了TT性能，这可能是由于呼吸困难感降低所致。

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