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Development of a large ingot continuous caster

机译：大型铸锭连铸机的开发

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A large ingot continuous caster (LICC) has been developed to increase international competitiveness in world steel markets by obtaining a higher yield and reduction of process for steelmaking industries as well as increasing quality by replacing the ingot casting process for production of an extra-large section size strand and high-alloy specialty steel. A conventional continuous caster of an extra-large section size needs a considerable amount of investment compared with a vertical semi-continuous caster such as the LICC. While the LICC is favorable for producing small lots for various steel grades, a conventional continuous caster is suitable for mass production of certain steel grades. The process of a conventional continuous caster and the process of a LICC from a ladle to a strand are similar to each other except for the withdrawer type and the standing below the LICC mold until complete solidification is achieved. At the end of the casting, the LICC bloom moves downward and stops at a certain distance below the mold, and then stands on a vertical position waiting for complete solidification. The LICC bloom is pushed horizontally to the tilter, the purpose of which is to set the bloom in a horizontal position. During the pushing stage, the bloom is separated from a well block. After a hot run of the pilot large ingot continuous caster (LICC), more than 90 heats of 12-ton liquid steel per heat for various steel grades were cast through the caster without any negative impact on the equipment or operations. From the LICC process developed by POSCO, most steel grades such as medium-carbon structural steels, stainless steels and tool steels have been cast successfully and confidently. Their surface and internal quality were found to be better than those of ingots and easily acceptable for the next process. We were able not only to design a continuous casting plant from concept design to detailed design but also to operate a new caster by ourselves. The equiaxed zone was much enlarged and its structure was found to be compactly composed of fine globular crystals. The shrinkage pipe was also greatly reduced from L to 0.23L by top heating and stirring. The casting speed, casting temperature, stirring and temperature gradient of the strand were found to be the "vital few" parameters affecting the internal quality based on investigations of the evaluation results of the macro-structure of the cast TD11 steel. The internal quality of the LICC strand for TD11 steel was much improved by using the optimum combination of these parameters, and the rolled bloom from the LICC strand has excellent internal soundness.
机译：大型铸锭连铸机（LICC）的开发旨在通过提高炼钢行业的产量和减少工艺来提高世界钢铁市场的国际竞争力，并通过替代用于生产超大型材的铸锭工艺来提高质量规格钢绞线和高合金特种钢。与立式半连续连铸机（如LICC）相比，截面尺寸较大的常规连铸机需要大量投资。尽管LICC有利于生产各种钢种的小批量，但传统的连铸机却适合于某些钢种的批量生产。传统的连铸机的工艺和从钢包到钢绞线的LICC的工艺彼此相似，不同之处在于退料器的类型以及在LICC模具下方直立直到完全固化。在浇铸结束时，LICC大方坯向下移动并在模具下方一定距离处停止，然后站在垂直位置等待完全凝固。 LICC大方坯水平推向倾斜器，其目的是将大方坯置于水平位置。在推进阶段，将大华与井段分开。在对中试大型铸锭连续铸造机（LICC）进行热运行之后，通过铸造机铸造了90余种12吨液态钢，每种热量用于各种钢种，对设备或操作没有负面影响。从浦项制铁所开发的LICC工艺中，大多数钢种（例如中碳结构钢，不锈钢和工具钢）均已成功而自信地铸造。发现它们的表面和内部质量优于铸锭，并且易于用于下一工序。我们不仅能够设计出从概念设计到详细设计的连续铸造工厂，而且能够自己操作一台新的连铸机。等轴区扩大了很多，发现其结构紧密地由细小的球状晶体组成。通过顶部加热和搅拌，收缩管也从L大大降低到0.23L。根据对TD11铸钢宏观结构评估结果的调查，发现铸坯的铸造速度，铸造温度，搅拌和温度梯度是影响内部质量的“重要参数”。通过使用这些参数的最佳组合，可大大改善TD11钢的LICC钢绞线的内部质量，并且LICC钢绞线的轧制大方坯具有出色的内部稳固性。

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