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首页> 外文期刊>Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics >Regional features of precipitation over Asia and summer extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia and their associations with atmospheric-oceanic conditions
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Regional features of precipitation over Asia and summer extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia and their associations with atmospheric-oceanic conditions

机译：亚洲降水和东南亚夏季极端降水的区域特征及其与大气-海洋条件的关系

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摘要

The variations of both total and extreme precipitations over Asia are characterized by large regional features and seasonality. Extreme precipitation mainly occurs in summer and then in autumn over South Asia but it is a prominent phenomenon in all seasons over Southeast Asia. It explains above 40% of the total precipitation in winter over India, while the ratio of extreme precipitation to total precipitation is 30% or smaller in all seasons over southern-central China. Over Southeast Asia, the largest ratio appears in winter. The extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia (EPSEA) exhibits significant positive trends in all seasons except autumn. The long-term increase in summer EPSEA is associated with significant surface warming over extratropical Asia and the Indo-Pacific oceans and linked to a large-scale anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia. An increase in de-trended summer EPSEA is associated with less significant surface warming. However, it is still clearly linked to an anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia, contributed by intensifications of monsoon flow from the west, trade wind from the east, and cross-equatorial flow over Indonesia. The antecedent features of increased summer EPSEA include an overall warming over the tropical-subtropical northern hemisphere and an anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia in winter and spring. When the large-scale Asian monsoon (measured by the Webster-Yang monsoon index) or the South Asian monsoon is strong, summer extreme precipitation mainly increases over tropical Asia. When monsoon is strong over Southeast Asia or East Asia, extreme precipitation increases over Southeast Asia and decreases over East Asia. A strong summer monsoon over Southeast Asia or East Asia is also followed by decreased autumn extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia.
机译：亚洲地区总降水量和极端降水量的变化都具有较大的区域特征和季节性特征。极端降水主要发生在南亚的夏季，然后是秋季，但在东南亚的所有季节中，这都是一个突出现象。它解释了印度冬季冬季总降水量的40％以上，而中国中南部所有季节的极端降水量与总降水量之比为30％或更小。在东南亚，比例最大的是冬季。东南亚的极端降水（EPSEA）在除秋季以外的所有季节中均显示出显着的正趋势。夏季EPSEA的长期增加与热带外亚洲和印度太平洋的地表明显变暖有关，并与东南亚的大规模异常气旋模式有关。趋势不佳的夏季EPSEA的增加与较不明显的表面变暖有关。但是，它仍然明显与东南亚异常的气旋模式有关，这归因于西方的季风流增强，东方的贸易风以及印度尼西亚上空的赤道流。夏季EPSEA增加的前期特征包括热带-亚热带北半球的总体变暖和东南亚冬季和春季的异常气旋模式。当大规模的亚洲季风（通过韦伯斯特-杨季风指数测量）或南亚季风较强时，夏季极端降水主要在热带亚洲增加。当东南亚或东亚的季风强烈时，东南亚的极端降水增加，而东亚的极端降水减少。东南亚或东亚地区夏季强烈季风，随后东南亚地区秋季极端降水减少。

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