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Analysis and quantification of contrasts in observed meteorological fields for foggy and non-foggy days

机译：有雾和无雾天的观测气象场对比度的分析和定量

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The genesis and dynamics of fog take place under certain meteorological conditions. Thus quantification of the differences in different meteorological variables between foggy and non-foggy days can provide insight into the dynamics of fog; such contrasts can also help to identify and quantify precision and the accuracy required in the meteorological forecasts for driving fog prediction models. However, systematic evidence and quantification of differences in meteorological variables for foggy and non-foggy days are missing. Based on analyses of composites of differences between meteorological variables (temperature, relative humidity, wind and dew-depression) for days with no fog, mild fog and dense fog (based on visibility) days over Delhi, a fog-prone metropolis, we show that consistent and appreciable distinctions exist between days with fog and no fog (characterized in terms of hourly visibility) for both December and January. An important finding is that the differences persist not only near the surface, but also at 850 hPa level. Expectedly but consistently, the contrasts were stronger for long-duration (duration a parts per thousand yen4 h) than those for short duration (duration 2 h) fog; the contrasts were also stronger for dense (visibility 500 m) fog. The average differences between non-foggy and dense fog (duration a parts per thousand yen4 h) in composite temperature, relative humidity and wind are of the order of 3 A degrees C, 10 % and 5 m/s, respectively; these findings can help to assess and validate meteorological forecasts for driving fog prediction. Fog is a high-impact event over many locations world-wide; while the present analysis is for a specific location, the methodology is generic to be applied over any fog-prone location.
机译：雾的发生和动力学是在一定的气象条件下发生的。因此，对有雾和无雾日之间不同气象变量差异的量化可以洞悉雾的动态。这种对比还可以帮助识别和量化驾驶雾预测模型的气象预报中的精度和准确性。但是，缺少有雾天和无雾天的气象变量差异的系统证据和量化方法。根据易雾都市德里无雾天，中雾天和浓雾天（基于能见度）的气象变量（温度，相对湿度，风和低压）之间的差异综合分析，我们得出在12月和1月的有雾天和无雾天之间存在一致且可观的区别（以小时能见度为特征）。一个重要的发现是，这种差异不仅在表面附近持续存在，而且还在850 hPa的水平上依然存在。预期但始终如一的是，长时雾（持续时间每千日元4小时）的对比度强于短时雾（持续时间<2小时）的对比度。浓雾（可见度<500 m）的雾气对比度也更强。复合温度，相对湿度和风的无雾和浓雾（持续时间每千日元4小时）之间的平均差分别为3 A摄氏度，10％和5 m / s。这些发现可以帮助评估和验证用于预测雾霾的气象预报。雾在全球许多地方都是影响很大的事件;尽管目前的分析针对的是特定位置，但该方法适用于任何容易产生雾气的位置。

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