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Major silver deposits of Utah: Geochemical and geological reasons for world-class high-and low-grade systems

机译:犹他州的主要银矿床:世界一流的高品位和低品位系统的地球化学和地质原因

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摘要

Utah has produced about 31.7 kt (1 billion oz) of silver, more than any state in the United States except Idaho. Several high-grade ore systems in Utah, where the mines are now closed, occur within large polymetallic limestone-hosted districts related to plutonic complexes. These mines fed several major lead smelters for nearly a century. Interaction of magmatic chloride-rich fluids with carbonate rocks localized significant bonanzas within these districts. A low sulfidation state was produced in the fluids by their passage through lime-stones. The Bingham openpit mine has also yielded more byproduct silver than other porphyry copper-molybdenum-gold systems. Away from exposed intrusive rocks, some large silver-only systems occur in Mesozoic sandstone and in caldera-related veins in volcaniclastic rocks. Thick permeable latest-Proterozoic basement metaquartzite sequences present beneath western Utah may have been important, as perhaps they were in the Coeur d'Alene district of Idaho, in providing chloride and silver-rich ore fluids. However, it is clear that specific Tertiary magmatic events played an essential role in the evolution of the Utah silver-rich metallogenic province. The largest silver districts in the state are genetically related to Tertiary porphyritic plutonic rocks.
机译:犹他州的白银产量约为31.7 kt(10亿盎司),超过爱达荷州以外的美国任何州。在犹他州,现已关闭矿山的几个高品位矿石系统发生在大型与多金属复合体相关的石灰岩托管地区。这些矿山为几个主要的铅冶炼厂提供了近一个世纪的粮食。富岩浆富含氯化物的流体与碳酸盐岩的相互作用在这些地区内形成了重要的富矿。流体通过石灰石时会产生低硫化状态。与其他斑岩型铜钼钼金系统相比,宾厄姆露天矿还产生了更多的副产品银。除裸露的侵入岩外,中生代砂岩和火山碎屑岩中与火山口有关的脉中还存在一些仅含银的大型系统。存在于犹他州西部的厚厚的可渗透的新元古代地下变石英岩序列可能很重要,因为它们可能位于爱达荷州的Coeur d'Alene区,用于提供富含氯化物和银的矿液。但是,很明显,第三纪岩浆事件在犹他州富含银的成矿省的演化中起着至关重要的作用。该州最大的银矿区与第三纪的斑状深成岩有关。

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