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首页> 外文期刊>Midirs midwifery digest >Breast milk and gut microbiota in African mothers and infants from an area of high HIV prevalence
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Breast milk and gut microbiota in African mothers and infants from an area of high HIV prevalence

机译：HIV高发地区非洲母亲和婴儿的母乳和肠道菌群

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Background: Human milk and infant gut microbiota are essential for the immune system maturation and protection against infections.There is scarce information on the microbiological composition of breast milk in general, and none from developing countries. The objective of the study was to characterize the breast milk and gut microbiota from mothers and infants from southern Mozambique, where infections and breastfeeding are prevalent.Methods: A community-based study was undertaken among 121 pairs of women and infants. Breast milk and infant's faeces were analyzed by bacterial culture and molecular methods. Breast milk samples were screened for HIV RNA by RT-PCR.Results: The most frequent bacterial groups isolated by culture media in breast milk were Staphylococci (96.4%), Streptococci (92.7%) and Lactohacilli (56.4%). HIV RNA was detected in 24% of the samples. Staphylococcus hominis, S. aureus, and S. parasanguis were more frequently isolated in infants ≤14 days of life. Women on exclusive breastfeeding presented higher proportion of S. parasanguis in breast milk than those on mixed infant feeding (36.4% versus 11.1 %, p = 0.035). Bacterial diversity (mean number of bacterial species isolated by sample: 10.4 versus 8.5; p = 0.004) and the frequency of Lactobacillus spp (75.9% versus 36%, p = 0.003) were higher in the specimens with HIV RNA than in those without it. The main bacterial groups found in infant's faeces were Bifidobacterium, Streptococci and Enterococci.Conclusions: Women with HIV RNA in breast milk had a different pattern of microbiological composition, suggesting specific immunopathological phenomena in HIV-infected women. Both breast milk and faecal microbiota composition varied with lactation period, which might be related to changes in the type of feeding over time and/or in the milk's biochemical characteristics. These findings provide insights into interactions between commensal bacteria and HIV infection in human milk and the role of these bacteria in mucosal protection against infections in breastfed infants.The full text of this article is available free of charge at: http://www.plosone.org/article/ info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0080299
机译：背景：母乳和婴儿肠道菌群对于免疫系统的成熟和防止感染至关重要。总体上，关于母乳微生物组成的信息很少，发展中国家也没有。这项研究的目的是表征莫桑比克南部感染和母乳喂养普遍的母亲和婴儿的母乳和肠道菌群。方法：在121对妇女和婴儿中进行了一项基于社区的研究。通过细菌培养和分子方法分析母乳和婴儿的粪便。结果：经母乳培养基分离出的最常见细菌是葡萄球菌（96.4％），链球菌（92.7％）和乳酸杆菌（56.4％）。在24％的样本中检测到HIV RNA。在生命≤14天的婴儿中更常分离到人葡萄球菌，金黄色葡萄球菌和副血葡萄球菌。完全母乳喂养的妇女在母乳中的副乳链球菌比例高于混合母乳喂养的妇女（36.4％对11.1％，p = 0.035）。带有HIV RNA的标本中的细菌多样性（样本中分离出的细菌种类的平均值：10.4比8.5; p = 0.004）和乳酸杆菌属菌的发生频率（75.9％比36％，p = 0.003）要高得多。 。婴儿粪便中发现的主要细菌是双歧杆菌，链球菌和肠球菌。结论：母乳中带有HIV RNA的女性的微生物组成模式不同，这表明在HIV感染女性中存在特定的免疫病理现象。母乳和粪便微生物群的组成均随泌乳期而变化，这可能与喂养类型随时间的变化和/或乳的生化特性有关。这些发现为深入了解共生细菌与母乳中HIV感染之间的相互作用以及这些细菌在预防母乳喂养婴儿感染的粘膜保护中的作用提供了见解。 .org / article / info％3Adoi％2F10.1371％2Fjournal.pone.0080299

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