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Dynamics of activation of semantically similar concepts during spoken word recognition

机译：语音识别过程中语义相似概念的激活动态

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摘要

Semantic similarity effects provide critical insight into the organization of semantic knowledge and the natureof semantic processing. In the present study, we examined the dynamics of semantic similarity effects by using thevisual world eyetracking paradigm. Four objects were shown on a computer monitor, and participants were instructedto click on a named object, during which time their gaze position was recorded. The likelihood of fixating competitorobjects was predicted by the degree of semantic similarity to the target concept. We found reliable, graded compe-tition that depended on degree of target–competitor similarity, even for distantly related items for which priminghas not been found in previous priming studies. Time course measures revealed a consistently earlier fixation peakfor near semantic neighbors relative to targets. Computational investigations with an attractor dynamical model, aspreading activation model, and a decision model revealed that a combination of excitatory and inhibitory mecha-nisms is required to obtain such peak timing, providing new constraints on models of semantic processing.
机译：语义相似性效应为语义知识的组织和语义处理的性质提供了重要的见识。在本研究中，我们通过使用视觉世界眼动追踪范式检查了语义相似性效应的动力学。在计算机监视器上显示了四个对象，并指示参与者单击一个命名的对象，在此期间记录他们的凝视位置。固定竞争对象的可能性是通过与目标概念的语义相似程度来预测的。我们发现可靠的，分级的竞争取决于目标-竞争对手之间的相似程度，即使对于远距离相关的项目，在以前的启动研究中都没有找到启动。时程测量显示相对于目标，近语义邻居的固定峰始终一致。用吸引子动力学模型，扩展激活模型和决策模型进行的计算研究表明，要获得这种高峰时间，就需要结合使用兴奋性和抑制性机械原理，这为语义处理模型提供了新的约束。

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