...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Memory & cognition >Why does guessing incorrectly enhance, rather than impair, retention?
【24h】

Why does guessing incorrectly enhance, rather than impair, retention?

机译：为什么猜测会错误地增强而不是削弱保留率？

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The finding that trying, and failing, to predict the upcoming to-be-remembered response to a given cue can enhance later recall of that response, relative to studying the intact cue-response pair, is surprising, especially given that the standard paradigm (e.g., Kornell, Hays, & Bjork, 2009) involves allocating what would otherwise be study time to generating an error. In three experiments, we sought to eliminate two potential heuristics that participants might use to aid recall of correct responses on the final test and to explore the effects of interference both at an immediate and at a delayed test. In Experiment 1, by intermixing strongly associated tobe- remembered pairs with weakly associated pairs, we eliminated a potential heuristic participants can use on the final test in the standard version of the paradigm-namely, that really strong associates are incorrect responses. In Experiment 2, by rigging half of the participants' responses to be correct, we eliminated another potential heuristic-namely, that one's initial guesses are virtually always wrong. In Experiment 3, we examined whether participants' ability to remember-and discriminate between-their incorrect guesses and correct responses would be lost after a 48-h delay, when source memory should be reduced. Across all experiments, we continued to find a robust benefit of trying to guess to-be-learned responses, even when incorrect, versus studying intact cue- response pairs. The benefits of making incorrect guesses are not an artifact of the paradigm, nor are they limited to short retention intervals.
机译：相对于研究完整的提示-响应对，尝试并失败来预测即将出现的对给定提示的响应可以增强以后对该响应的回想，这一发现令人惊讶，特别是考虑到标准范例（例如，Kornell，Hays和Bjork，2009）涉及分配研究时间来产生错误。在三个实验中，我们试图消除参与者可能用来帮助回忆最终测试中正确答案的两种潜在试探法，并探讨立即和延迟测试中干扰的影响。在实验1中，通过将强关联的记忆对与弱关联的对进行混合，我们消除了潜在的启发式参与者可以在标准版本的范式中进行最终测试，即真正强的关联者是错误的响应。在实验2中，通过使一半参与者的回答正确，我们消除了另一种潜在的启发式方法，即人们最初的猜测实际上总是错误的。在实验3中，我们检查了参与者应记住和区分他们的错误猜测和正确答案的能力在延迟48小时后是否会丢失，这时应减少源内存。在所有实验中，与研究完整的提示响应对相比，即使在不正确​​的情况下，我们仍然发现尝试猜测要学习的响应具有明显的好处。做出错误猜测的好处既不是范式的产物，也不限于较短的保留间隔。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号