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首页> 外文期刊>Molecular biology of the cell >Bipolarization and poleward flux correlate during Xenopus extract spindle assembly
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Bipolarization and poleward flux correlate during Xenopus extract spindle assembly

机译：非洲爪蟾提取锭组装过程中双极化和极向通量相关

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We investigated the mechanism by which meiotic spindles become bipolar and the correlation between bipolarity and poleward flux, using Xenopus egg extracts. By speckle microscopy and computational alignment, we find that monopolar sperm asters do not show evidence for flux, partially contradicting previous work. We account for the discrepancy by describing spontaneous bipolarization of sperm asters that was missed previously. During spontaneous bipolarization, onset of flux correlated with onset of bipolarity, implying that antiparallel microtubule organization may be required for flux. Using a probe for TPX2 in addition to tubulin, we describe two pathways that lead to spontaneous bipolarization, new pole assembly near chromatin, and pole splitting. By inhibiting the Ran pathway with excess importin-alpha, we establish a role for chromatin-derived, antiparallel overlap bundles in generating the sliding force for flux, and we examine these bundles by electron microscopy. Our results highlight the importance of two processes, chromatin-initiated microtubule nucleation, and sliding forces generated between antiparallel microtubules, in self-organization of spindle bipolarity and poleward flux.
机译：我们使用非洲爪蟾卵提取物研究了减数分裂纺锤体变成双极的机制以及双极性和极向通量之间的相关性。通过散斑显微镜和计算对齐，我们发现单极精子没有显示出通量的证据，部分与先前的工作相矛盾。我们通过描述先前遗漏的精子自发双极化来解释差异。在自发性双极化过程中，助焊剂的发作与双极性的发作相关，这意味着助焊剂可能需要反平行的微管组织。除了微管蛋白外，还使用针对TPX2的探针，我们描述了导致自发双极化，染色质附近的新极组装和极分裂的两种途径。通过用过量的importin-α抑制Ran途径，我们建立了染色质衍生的反平行重叠束在产生通量滑动力中的作用，并通过电子显微镜检查了这些束。我们的结果强调了染色质引发的微管成核和反平行微管之间产生的滑动力这两个过程的重要性，这在纺锤体双极性和极通量的自组织中。

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