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首页> 外文期刊>Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin >EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON SOIL MYCELIAL BACTERIA
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EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON SOIL MYCELIAL BACTERIA

机译：湿度对土壤细菌的影响

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摘要

Habitat humidity is an important factor affecting the capacity of microorganisms to grow and develop [1]. The humidity ranges within which an organism can develop determine its distribution in terraneous ecosystems. A water pressure of -70 MPa is thegenerally accepted lower humidity limit for microbial growth. The fungus Xeromyces bisporus is an organism capable to develop under these conditions [2-4]. Prokaryotes (except extreme halophils) are much more exigent to water potential than fungi, and most of them develop in the range above -4 MPa [1, 5]. It was repeatedly reported that soil actmomycetes are more resistant to drying than other bacteria [5, 6]. Streptomyce exospores remain viable under complete drying conditions for a long time. Actinoplane sporangia also remain in dried soil and leaf samples for a long time. In soils of arid regions, actinomycetes occupy an important place in the complex of soil prokaryotes [7]. However, no experimental evidence is available for the vegetative growth of mycelial prokaryotes at low humidity levels. The studies of pure actinomycete cultures show that their resistance to drying is due to the stability of spores; vegetative hyphae of mycelial prokaryotes are damaged much more rapidly under water stress conditions [8].
机译：人居湿度是影响微生物生长发育能力的重要因素[1]。生物体可以发育的湿度范围决定了其在有序生态系统中的分布。 -70 MPa的水压通常被认为是微生物生长的湿度下限。双孢霉菌是一种能够在这些条件下发育的生物[2-4]。原核生物（极度嗜盐菌除外）比真菌更能激发水的潜能，并且它们中的大多数在高于-4 MPa的范围内发育[1，5]。反复报道，土壤放线菌比其他细菌更耐干燥[5，6]。链霉菌的孢子在完全干燥的条件下可长期存活。放线放线虫的孢子囊也长期存在于干燥的土壤和叶片样品中。在干旱地区的土壤中，放线菌在土壤原核生物复合体中占有重要地位[7]。但是，没有实验证据可用于低湿度条件下菌丝原核生物的营养生长。对纯放线菌培养物的研究表明，它们对干燥的抵抗力是由于孢子的稳定性。在水分胁迫条件下，菌丝体原核生物的营养菌丝被破坏的速度更快[8]。

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