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首页> 外文期刊>Berichte uber Landwirtschaft >The agrarian reform in Mexico 1917-1992 and it's impact on the socioeconomic development of the country.
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The agrarian reform in Mexico 1917-1992 and it's impact on the socioeconomic development of the country.

机译：1917-1992年墨西哥的土地改革及其对国家社会经济发展的影响。

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摘要

The formulation of a country's land tenure system has a fundamental influence on it's socioeconomic development. Therefore agrarian reforms which are aimed at a recombination of the rural production factors labour, land, capital and know-how, are important instruments of development cooperation. The agrarian reform in Mexico was, for a while, with it's typical units of communal property and production, considered as exemplary. But extreme poverty in rural areas, food shortages and resource degradation after 75 years of the reform process left doubt about the success. This paper analyses the historical background, the realization, results and framework of the Mexican agrarian reform and assesses if the general conceptional guidelines laid down at the beginning have been followed. It is concluded that neither a sufficient land distribution nor an adequate access to crucial resources could have been reached. A main problem constraining implementation was the concentration of political power. The governing elite used agrarian reform not as an instrument for development but for controlling the rural population. After some positive results in the beginning, the established economic structure showed serious instability with neither social nor economicdevelopment reached.
机译：一个国家的土地所有制的制定对它的社会经济发展有着根本的影响。因此，旨在重新组合农村生产要素的劳动力，土地，资本和专门知识的土地改革是发展合作的重要手段。墨西哥的土地改革有一段时间了，它是典型的公共财产和生产单位，被认为是典范。但是，经过75年的改革进程，农村地区的极端贫困，粮食短缺和资源退化，使人们对成功没有任何疑问。本文分析了墨西哥土地改革的历史背景，实现，结果和框架，并评估了是否遵循了最初制定的总体概念指南。结论是，既没有足够的土地分配，也没有足够的机会获取关键资源。制约执行的一个主要问题是政治权力的集中。执政的精英们不是将土地改革作为发展的手段，而是控制农村人口的手段。在最初取得一些积极成果之后，已建立的经济结构显示出严重的不稳定状态，既没有实现社会发展也没有实现经济发展。

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