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首页> 外文期刊>Molecular phylogenetics and evolution >New insights to the molecular phylogenetics and generic assessment in the Rhacophoridae (Amphibia: Anura) based on five nuclear and three mitochondrial genes, with comments on the evolution of reproduction
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New insights to the molecular phylogenetics and generic assessment in the Rhacophoridae (Amphibia: Anura) based on five nuclear and three mitochondrial genes, with comments on the evolution of reproduction

机译：基于5个核和3个线粒体基因，对Rhacophoridae（Amphibia：Anura）的分子系统发生学和类属评估提供了新见解，并评论了生殖的进化

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摘要

The phylogenetic relationships among 12 genera of treefrogs (Family, Rhacophoridae), were investigated based on a large sequence data set, including five nuclear (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, proopiomelanocortin, recombination activating gene 1, tyrosinase, rhodopsin) and three mitochondrial (partial 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA and the complete valine t-RNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear gene sequences resolved three major clades. The first group included Philautus, Pseudophilautus, Kurixalus, Gracixalus, and Theloderma moloch; Pseudophilautus and Kurixalus were sister taxa. The second group consisted of Nyctixalus and Theloderma. The third group contained Feihyla, Polypedates, Rhacophorus, and Chiromantis vittatus; Polypedates and Feihyla were sister taxa. Analyses of the nuclear and mitochondrial genes supported the following results: (1) Genus Liuixalus formed the sister group of all other rhacophorines. (2) Philautus, Theloderma, and Chiromantis were not resolved as monophyletic genera. Four groups, including Philautus ocellatus and P. hainanus, P. longchuanensis and P. gryllus, P. banaensis, and P. quyeti nested well within the genera Liuixalus, Pseudophilautus, Kurixalus, and Gracixalus, respectively. (3) Theloderma moloch and Chiromantis vittatus did not cluster with other species of Theloderma and Chiromantis, respectively. Foam nesting evolved only once, as did laying eggs in a jelly-like matrix containing some bubbles. Terrestrial direct development evolved twice in the Rhacophoridae.
机译：基于一个大序列数据集，研究了12种树蛙（家族，鼠李科）的系统发生关系，包括5个核（脑源性神经营养因子，促黑素皮层皮质激素，重组激活基因1，酪氨酸酶，视紫红质）和三个线粒体（部分） 12S和16S核糖体RNA和完整的缬氨酸t-RNA）基因。核基因序列的系统发育分析解析了三个主要分支。第一组包括Philautus，Pseudophilautus，Kurixalus，Gracixalus和Theloderma moloch。 Pseudophilautus和Kurixalus是姐妹类群。第二组包括念珠菌和Theloderma。第三组包括费埃拉，飞虱，鼠李属和紫罗兰。 Polypedates和Feihyla是姐妹类群。对核和线粒体基因的分析支持以下结果：（1）Liuixalus属形成了所有其他鼠李糖苷的姐妹组。 （2）Philautus，Theloderma和Chiromantis没有被确定为单系属。包括费氏小球藻（Philautus ocellatus）和海南对虾（P. hainanus），龙川对虾（P. longchuanensis）和灰背对虾（P. gryllus），香蕉对虾（P. banaensis）和曲霉对虾（P. quyeti）分别分别很好地嵌套在柳叶草属，假单胞菌属，库里克斯木属和草木属内。 （3）Theloderma moloch和Chiromantis vittatus分别不与其他种类的Theloderma和Chiromantis成簇。泡沫嵌套只进化了一次，就像在卵形的含有一些气泡的基质中产卵一样。陆生科的陆地直接发育两次。

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