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首页> 外文期刊>Morbidity and mortality weekly report >Blood lead levels--United States, 1999-2002.
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Blood lead levels--United States, 1999-2002.

机译：血铅水平-美国，1999-2002年。

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Adverse health effects caused by lead exposure include intellectual and behavioral deficits in children and hypertension and kidney disease in adults. Exposure to lead is an important public health problem, particularly for young children. Eliminating blood lead levels (BLLs) >/=10 microg/dL in children is one of the national health objectives for 2010 (objective no. 8-11). Findings of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from the period 1976-1980 to 1991-1994 reveal a steep decline (from 77.8% to 4.4%) in the percentage of children aged 1-5 years with BLLs >/=10 microg/dL. However, BLLs remain higher for certain populations, especially children in minority populations, children from low-income families, and children who live in older homes. This report updates estimates of BLLs in the U.S. population with the latest NHANES data, collected during 1999-2002. The findings indicated that BLLs continued to decrease in all age groups and racial/ethnic populations. During 1999-2002, theoverall prevalence of elevated BLLs for the U.S. population aged >/=1 year was 0.7%. BLLs in non-Hispanic black children remained higher than in non-Hispanic white or Mexican-American children, although the proportion of BLLs >/=10 microg/dL in this population decreased (72%) since 1991-1994. Approximately 310,000 children aged 1-5 years remained at risk for exposure to harmful lead levels. Public health agencies should continue efforts to eliminate or control sources of lead, screen persons at highest risk for exposure, and provide timely medical and environmental interventions for those identified with elevated BLLs.
机译：铅暴露造成的不良健康影响包括儿童的智力和行为缺陷以及成人的高血压和肾脏疾病。铅暴露是一个重要的公共健康问题，尤其是对于年幼的孩子。消除儿童的血铅水平> / = 10 microg / dL是2010年国家卫生目标之一（目标8-11）。 1976-1980年至1991-1994年期间的美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）结果显示，BLL> / = 10 microg的1-5岁儿童比例急剧下降（从77.8％降至4.4％） / dL。但是，某些人群的BLL仍然较高，特别是少数族裔的儿童，低收入家庭的儿童以及住在较老家中的儿童。本报告使用1999-2002年间收集的最新NHANES数据更新了美国人口中BLL的估算值。调查结果表明，所有年龄段和种族/族裔人群的BLL持续下降。在1999年至2002年期间，美国年龄大于等于1岁的人群的BLL总体患病率为0.7％。尽管自1991-1994年以来该人群中BLL> / = 10 microg / dL的比例下降了（72％），但非西班牙裔黑人儿童的BLL仍然高于非西班牙裔白人或墨西哥裔美国儿童。大约310,000名1-5岁儿童仍处于暴露于有害铅含量的风险中。公共卫生机构应继续努力消除或控制铅源，对暴露风险最高的人员进行筛查，并为识别为高血铅水平的人提供及时的医疗和环境干预措施。

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