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首页> 外文期刊>Mutagenesis >Anaphase aberrations in the embryos of the marine tubeworm Pomatoceros lamarckii (Polychaeta: Serpulidae): a new in vivo test assay for detecting aneugens and clastogens in the marine environment.
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Anaphase aberrations in the embryos of the marine tubeworm Pomatoceros lamarckii (Polychaeta: Serpulidae): a new in vivo test assay for detecting aneugens and clastogens in the marine environment.

机译：海洋马铃薯夜蛾Pomatoceros lamarckii（Polychaeta：Serpulidae）胚胎的后期畸变：一种用于检测海洋环境中的中性激素和杀粘剂的新型体内测试方法。

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摘要

The marine environment receives a wide variety of chemical inputs, many of which have the potential to damage DNA or interfere with the process of cell division. Here we describe a new assay based on the early embryo and larval stages of a planktonic spawning, tube dwelling marine worm, Pomatoceros lamarckii, which for experimental purposes has the advantage of producing large numbers of ripe gametes throughout the majority of the year. One of the most promising end-points is the use of dividing cells to detect anaphase aberrations such as lagging chromosomes, tripolar anaphases, acentric fragments and chromosome bridges. Apart from the reference mutagens mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide and the well-documented spindle poison colchicine, we tested the fungicide carbendazim, a primary metabolite of the fungicide benomyl, and thiabendazole, a pesticide and antihelminthic drug; both of which are known to act as aneugens in other test systems. In addition we tested sodium hypochlorite, a widely used oxidizing agent and disinfectant, di-butylphthalate, a commercial plasticizer and suspected aneugen, and sodium chloride, a recognized non-genotoxin. Significant increases in the frequency of anaphase abnormalities occurred with most test compounds at relatively low concentrations, confirming the sensitivity of the new assay. Sodium chloride yielded a negative response except at the highest non-relevant concentrations, where some chromatid stickiness was observed. In addition, the developmental consequences of exposure to these compounds were assessed in 4-8 cell embryos and at 48 h once the embryos had metamorphosed into free swimming larvae. Mitotic inhibition and anaphase aberrations were found to be a more sensitive indicator of genotoxic exposure than larval development, although there was a suggestion of a possible mechanistic link between aneugenicity/clastogenicity and larval fitness. The new test assay provides a rapid and inexpensive method for screening chemicals and effluents destined for release into the marine environment for potential gamete effects.
机译：海洋环境接受各种各样的化学输入，其中许多可能破坏DNA或干扰细胞分裂的过程。在这里，我们根据浮游产卵，管栖海蠕虫Pomatoceros lamarckii的早期胚胎和幼虫期描述了一种新的测定方法，该方法出于实验目的，具有在一年中的大部分时间内产生大量成熟配子的优势。最有希望的终点之一是使用分裂细胞来检测后期染色体畸变，例如染色体滞后，三极后期，无心片段和染色体桥。除了参考诱变剂丝裂霉素C和环磷酰胺以及有据可查的纺锤体秋水仙碱外，我们还测试了杀菌剂多菌灵（杀菌剂苯菌灵的主要代谢产物）和噻菌灵（杀虫剂和抗蠕虫药）。众所周知，这两种材料在其他测试系统中都可以作为中子。此外，我们还测试了次氯酸钠（一种广泛使用的氧化剂和消毒剂），邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（一种可商购的增塑剂和可疑的铝）和氯化钠（一种公认的非基因毒素）。大多数测试化合物在相对较低的浓度下，后期异常发生的频率显着增加，证实了新测定的敏感性。氯化钠产生负响应，除了在最高的不相关浓度下，观察到一些染色单体粘性。此外，评估了这些化合物在4-8个细胞胚胎中的发育结果，并在48h后将胚胎变态为自由游泳的幼虫。发现有丝分裂抑制和后期畸变是遗传毒性暴露比幼虫发育更敏感的指标，尽管有人暗示在成虫/破灭性和幼虫适应性之间可能存在机械联系。这项新的检测方法提供了一种快速而廉价的方法，可以筛选出可能释放到配伍环境中的化学物质和废水。

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