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首页> 外文期刊>Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research >Shaping chromatin for repair
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Shaping chromatin for repair

机译：修整染色质以进行修复

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To counteract the adverse effects of various DNA lesions, cells have evolved an array of diverse repair pathways to restore DNA structure and to coordinate repair with cell cycle regulation. Chromatin changes are an integral part of the DNA damage response, particularly with regard to the types of repair that involve assembly of large multiprotein complexes such as those involved in double strand break (DSB) repair and nucleotide excision repair (NER). A number of phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitylation and chromatin remodeling events modulate chromatin structure at the lesion site. These changes demarcate chromatin neighboring the lesion, afford accessibility and binding surfaces to repair factors and provide on-the-spot means to coordinate repair and damage signaling. Thus, the hierarchical assembly of repair factors at a double strand break is mostly due to their regulated interactions with posttranslational modifications of histones. A large number of chromatin remodelers are required at different stages of DSB repair and NER. Remodelers physically interact with proteins involved in repair processes, suggesting that chromatin remodeling is a requisite for repair factors to access the damaged site. Together, recent findings define the roles of histone post-translational modifications and chromatin remodeling in the DNA damage response and underscore possible differences in the requirements for these events in relation to the chromatin context.
机译：为了抵消各种DNA损伤的不利影响，细胞已经进化出多种多样的修复途径来恢复DNA结构，并通过细胞周期调节来协调修复。染色质的改变是DNA损伤反应不可或缺的一部分，特别是涉及涉及大型多蛋白复合物组装的修复类型，例如涉及双链断裂（DSB）修复和核苷酸切除修复（NER）的修复。许多磷酸化，乙酰化，甲基化，泛素化和染色质重塑事件可调节病变部位的染色质结构。这些变化将染色质划定在病变附近，提供了可及性和修复因子结合表面，并提供了现场协调修复和损伤信号的手段。因此，修复因子在双链断裂处的分级组装主要是由于它们与组蛋白的翻译后修饰的相互作用受到调节。 DSB修复和NER的不同阶段需要大量的染色质重塑剂。重塑剂与修复过程中涉及的蛋白质发生物理相互作用，提示染色质重塑是修复因子进入受损部位的必要条件。在一起，最近的发现定义了组蛋白翻译后修饰和染色质重塑在DNA损伤反应中的作用，并强调了这些事件与染色质相关的需求可能存在差异。

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