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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >Toxin composition of Amanita phalloides tissues in relation to the collection site.
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Toxin composition of Amanita phalloides tissues in relation to the collection site.

机译：伞形毒蝇组织的毒素成分与收集部位的关系。

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摘要

The influence of different factors on amatoxin and phallotoxin composition of A. phalloides was studied. The concentration of 8 toxins (3 amatoxins and 5 phallotoxins) in 6 parts of the carpophore, namely, the pileus, lamellae, annulus, stipe, volvaand bulb was evaluated in order to establish a relationship between the type of tissue and its toxin composition. The possible influence of the collection site on the distribution of amatoxins and phallotoxins was also investigated by analysing the tissues of 27 expanded carpophores and 4 buttons harvested from 4 geologically different soils located in the same region (Franche-Comte, France): Jurassic limestone, siliceous soil, clay with chert and gley-like argillaceous sand. Toxin concentrations weremeasured using HPLC and the data analysed statistically using hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis. Significant differences in the amounts of amatoxins and phallotoxins led to the partition of the tissues into 2 groups: the bulb and the volva that had the highest phallotoxin concentration and the pileus, lamellae, annulus and stipe that had high amatoxin concentrations. The bulb and volva of all specimens from each collection site had similar phallotoxin percentage. Nevertheless, the toxin content of these 2 tissues was different and among the different parts of the carpophore the bulb had the least toxins. The type of soil also affected toxin distribution and in particular the phallotoxin relative concentration. Predominance of the acidic phallotoxins over the neutral phallotoxins in all tissues characterized the carpophores collected from the Jurassic limestone. In contrast, the main features of all specimens from siliceous soil and clay with chertwere the elevated amounts of neutral phallotoxins (phalloidin and phallisin) leading to a higher percentage of phallotoxins over amatoxins. It is concluded that the tissues of A. phalloides can be characterized by their toxin distribution. Similaritiesin toxin composition allows division of the different parts of the carpophore into 2 groups. Furthermore, this investigation strongly indicated that the collection site significantly influences toxin composition of the carpophore tissues.
机译：研究了不同因素对鬼笔拟杆菌Amatatoxin和Phallotoxin组成的影响。为了确定组织类型与其毒素组成之间的关系，评估了6个部分的oph鱼，薄片，环，柄，ipe皮和球茎中8种毒素（3种阿莫毒素和5种鬼毒素）的浓度。还通过分析从同一地区（法国弗朗什-孔德（Franche-Comte），法国）的4种地质上不同的土壤中收获的27种膨大的荧光体和4个纽扣的组织，研究了收集地点对阿莫毒素和鬼笔毒素分布的可能影响：硅质土壤，石粘土和类似格利的泥质砂。使用HPLC测量毒素浓度，并使用层次聚类分析，主成分分析和判别分析对数据进行统计分析。 Amatoxins和Phallotoxins量的显着差异导致将组织分为两组：Pallotoxin浓度最高的球茎和Volva以及Amatoxin浓度较高的桩，薄片，环和柄。每个采集点的所有标本的鳞茎和挥发分具有相似的鬼毒素百分比。然而，这两个组织的毒素含量是不同的，并且在鳞茎的不同部分之间，鳞茎的毒素最少。土壤的类型也影响毒素的分布，特别是鬼毒素的相对浓度。在所有组织中，酸性鬼笔毒素占中性鬼笔毒素的主要特征是从侏罗纪石灰岩中收集到的拟青团。相反，来自硅质土和硅质粘土的所有标本的主要特征是中性鬼臼毒素（鬼笔环肽和鬼笔环肽）的含量增加，导致鬼臼毒素的比例高于阿莫毒素。结论是，鬼笔棘的组织可以通过其毒素分布来表征。毒素组成上的相似之处允许将carpophore的不同部分分为两组。此外，该研究强烈表明收集位点显着影响腕果组织的毒素组成。

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