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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >Genetic architecture and evolution of the mating type locus in fusaria that cause soybean sudden death syndrome and bean root rot
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Genetic architecture and evolution of the mating type locus in fusaria that cause soybean sudden death syndrome and bean root rot

机译：导致大豆猝死综合征和豆根腐烂的镰刀菌交配型基因座的遗传结构和进化

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摘要

Fusarium tucumaniae is the only known sexually reproducing species among the seven closely related fusaria that cause soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) or bean root rot (BRR). In a previous study, laboratory mating of F. tucumaniae yielded recombinant ascospore progeny but required two mating-compatible strains, indicating that it is heterothallic. To assess the reproductive mode of the other SDS and BRR fusaria, and their potential for mating, whole-genome sequences of two SDS and one BRR pathogen were analyzed to characterize their mating type (MAT) loci. This bioinformatic approach identified a MAT1-1 idiomorph in F. virguliforme NRRL 22292 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in F. tucumaniae NRRL 34546 and F. azukicola NRRL 54364. Alignments of the MAT loci were used to design PCR primers within the conserved regions of the flanking genes APN1 and SLA2, which enabled primer walking to obtain nearly complete sequences of the MAT region for six MAT1-1 and five MAT1-2 SDS/BRR fusaria. As expected, sequences of the highly divergent 4.7 kb MAT1-1 and 3.7 kb MAT1-2 idiomorphs were unalignable. However, sequences of the respective idiomorphs and those that flank MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 were highly conserved. In addition to three genes at MAT1-1 (MAT1-1-1, MAT1-1-2, MAT1-1-3) and two at MAT1-2 (MAT1-2-1, MAT1-2-3), the MAT loci of the SDS/BRR fusaria also include a putative gene predicted to encode for a 252 amino acid protein of unknown function. Alignments of the MAT1-1-3 and MAT1-2-1 sequences were used to design a multiplex PCR assay for the MAT loci. This assay was used to screen DNA from 439 SDS/BRR isolates, which revealed that each isolate possessed MAT1-1 or MAT1-2, consistent with heterothallism. Both idiomorphs were represented among isolates of F. azukicola, F. brasiliense, F. phaseoli and F. tucumaniae, whereas isolates of F. virguliforme and F. cuneirostrum were only MAT1-1 and F. crassistipitatum were only MAT1-2. Finally, nucleotide sequence data from the RPB1 and RPB2 genes were used to date the origin of the SDS/BRR group, which was estimated to have occurred about 0.75 Mya (95% HPD interval: 0.27, 1.68) in the mid-Pleistocene, long before the domestication of the common bean or soybean
机译：枯萎镰刀菌是引起大豆猝死综合症（SDS）或豆根腐烂症（BRR）的七个密切相关的镰刀菌中唯一已知的有性繁殖物种。在先前的研究中，风铃镰刀菌的实验室交配产生了重组子囊孢子代，但需要两个交配兼容菌株，表明它是异源的。为了评估其他SDS和BRR紫藤的繁殖方式以及它们的交配潜力，分析了两种SDS和一种BRR病原体的全基因组序列，以表征它们的交配类型（MAT）基因座。这种生物信息学方法鉴定了维尔纽斯氏菌NRRL 22292中的MAT1-1特异体和黄瓜枯萎菌NRRL 34546和azukicola NRRL 54364中的MAT1-2特异体。侧翼基因APN1和SLA2，使引物步移能够获得6个MAT1-1和5个MAT1-2 SDS / BRR紫红色的近乎完整的MAT区域序列。不出所料，高度分歧的4.7 kb MAT1-1和3.7 kb MAT1-2独特型的序列是不可比拟的。然而，各自的独特型和侧翼于MAT1-1和MAT1-2的序列是高度保守的。除了MAT1-1（MAT1-1-1，MAT1-1-2，MAT1-1-3）的三个基因和MAT1-2（MAT1-2-1，MAT1-2-3）的两个基因外，MAT SDS / BRR fusaria的基因座还包括一个推定基因，预计该基因编码功能未知的252个氨基酸。 MAT1-1-3和MAT1-2-1序列的比对用于设计MAT基因座的多重PCR分析。该测定法用于从439个SDS / BRR分离株中筛选DNA，这表明每个分离株均具有MAT1-1或MAT1-2，与异thallallism一致。两种独特性均代表于F. azukicola，F。brasiliense，F。phaseoli和F. tucumaniae，而F. virguliforme和F. cuneirostrum的分离株仅为MAT1-1，而F. crassistipitatum仅为MAT1-2。最后，使用RPB1和RPB2基因的核苷酸序列数据确定了SDS / BRR组的起源，据估计该组发生在更新世中期，长约0.75 Mya（95％HPD间隔：0.27，1.68）。普通豆或大豆驯化之前

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