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Evolution of RNA interference proteins dicer and argonaute in Basidiomycota

机译：担子菌中RNA干扰蛋白切丁酶和精氨酸的进化

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摘要

RNA interference (RNAi) refers to a mechanism in which cells control gene expression, protect the genome against mobile repetitive DNA sequences, retro elements and transposons, and defend themself against viruses. Two core components, dicer and argonaute, are central in the RNAi machinery. In this study the evolution of argonaute and dicer genes were analyzed with 43 fungal genomes, with the focus on Basidiomycota. Argonaute and dicer genes are widely represented in Basidiomycota as well as in other fungal groups, but the number of copies of them vary. However, in certain lineages, argonaute or dicer is missing. Our results suggest an ancient duplication of dicer and argonaute genes concurrently with early diversification of the Basidiomycota followed by additional species-specific duplications and losses of more recent origin. Several distinct RNAi pathways exist in fungi, based on structural similarity and phylogenetic relationship, our results indicate that quelling possibly exists in most Basidiomycota, while we could not find any evidence for the MSUD (meiotic-silencing) pathway in Basidiomycota. RNAi has been developed to be an important tool for reverse genetics studies. Because both argonaute and dicer are present in almost all Basidiomycota our results indicate that it should be possible to develop RNAi as a tool for functional studies of genes in most Basidiomycota species.
机译：RNA干扰（RNAi）指一种机制，其中细胞控制基因表达，保护基因组免受移动的重复DNA序列，逆转录元件和转座子的侵害，并使自身免受病毒侵害。 Dicer和argonaute这两个核心成分是RNAi机制的核心。在这项研究中，用43个真菌基因组分析了Argonaute和dicer基因的进化，其中以Basidiomycota为重点。 Argonaute和dicer基因广泛存在于Basidiomycota和其他真菌类中，但是它们的拷贝数却有所不同。但是，在某些血统中，缺少精氨酸或切丁酶。我们的结果表明，古老的切丁酶和精氨酸基因复制与担子菌的早期多样化同时出现，是其他物种特异性的重复和最近起源的损失。基于结构相似性和系统发育关系，真菌中存在几种不同的RNAi途径，我们的结果表明，大多数Basidiomycota中都可能存在抑制作用，而Basidiomycota中的MSUD（减数分裂沉默）途径尚无任何证据。 RNAi已发展成为反向遗传学研究的重要工具。由于几乎所有Basidiomycota中都存在精氨酸和切丁酶，因此我们的结果表明，开发RNAi作为研究大多数Basidiomycota物种基因功能的工具应该是可能的。

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