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Vertically oriented Ti-Fe-O nanotube array films: Toward a useful material architecture for solar spectrum water photoelectrolysis

机译：垂直取向的Ti-Fe-O纳米管阵列膜：朝着有用的材料结构进行太阳光谱水光电解

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摘要

In an effort to obtain a material architecture suitable for high-efficiency visible spectrum water photoelectrolysis, herein we report on the fabrication and visible spectrum (380-650 nm) photoelectrochemical properties of self-aligned, vertically oriented Ti-Fe-O nanotube array films. Ti-Fe metal films of variable composition, iron content ranging from 69% to 3.5%, co-sputtered onto FTO-coated glass are anodized in an ethylene glycol + NH4F electrolyte. The resulting amorphous samples are annealed in oxygen at 500 degrees C, resulting in nanotubes composed of a mixed Ti-Fe-O oxide. Some of the iron goes into the titanium lattice substituting titanium ions, and the rest either forms alpha-Fe2O3 crystallites or remains in the amorphous state. Depending upon the Fe content, the band gap of the resulting films ranges from about 380 to 570 nm. The Ti-Fe oxide nanotube array films are utilized in solar spectrum water photoelectrolysis, demonstrating 2 mA/cm(2) under AM 1.5 illumination with a sustained, time-energy normalized hydrogen evolution rate by water splitting of 7.1 mL/W center dot hr in a 1 M KOH solution with a platinum counter electrode under an applied bias of 0.7 V. The surface morphology, structure, elemental analysis, optical, and photoelectrochemical properties of the Ti-Fe oxide nanotube array films are considered.
机译：为了获得适用于高效可见光谱水光电解的材料结构，在此我们报道了自对准垂直取向的Ti-Fe-O纳米管阵列膜的制备和可见光谱（380-650 nm）的光电化学性质。 。在乙二醇+ NH4F电解质中对共溅射到FTO涂层玻璃上的铁组成从69％到3.5％不等的Ti-Fe金属膜进行阳极氧化。将所得的无定形样品在500摄氏度的氧气中退火，得到由混合的Ti-Fe-O氧化物组成的纳米管。一些铁进入取代钛离子的钛晶格，其余的要么形成α-Fe2O3晶体，要么保持非晶态。取决于Fe含量，所得膜的带隙在约380至570nm的范围内。 Ti-Fe氧化物纳米管阵列薄膜用于太阳光谱水光电解，在AM 1.5照明下显示2 mA / cm（2），通过水的7.1 mL / W中心点hr的水分解，具有持续的时间能量归一化氢释放速率在1 M KOH溶液中，在0.7 V的偏压下使用铂对电极。考虑了Ti-Fe氧化物纳米管阵列膜的表面形貌，结构，元素分析，光学和光电化学性质。

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