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Exceptional plasticity of silicon nanobridges

机译:硅纳米桥的出色可塑性

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The plasticity of covalently bonded materials is a subject at the forefront of materials science, bearing on a wide range of technological and fundamental aspects. However, covalent materials fracture in a brittle manner when the deformation exceeds just a few percent. It is predicted that a macroscopically brittle material like silicon can show nanoscale plasticity. Here we report the exceptional plasticity observed in silicon nanocontacts ('nanobridges') at room temperature using a special experimental setup combining a transmission electron microscope and a microelectromechanical system. When accounting for surface diffusion, we succeeded in elongating the nanocontact into a wire-like structure, with a fivefold increase in volume, up to more than twenty times the original length. Such a large plasticity was caused by the stress-assisted diffusion and the sliding of the intergranular, amorphous-like material among the nanocrystals.
机译:共价键合材料的可塑性是材料科学的前沿课题,涉及广泛的技术和基础方面。但是,当变形仅超过百分之几时,共价材料会以脆性方式断裂。据预测,宏观脆性材料(如硅)可以显示出纳米级可塑性。在这里,我们报告了使用结合了透射电子显微镜和微机电系统的特殊实验装置,在室温下在硅纳米触点(“纳米桥”)中观察到的出色可塑性。当考虑到表面扩散时,我们成功地将纳米触点延长为线状结构,体积增加了五倍,最高可达原始长度的二十倍。如此大的可塑性是由应力辅助的扩散和纳米晶间的无定形颗粒状材料之间的滑动引起的。

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