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Differential plasma protein binding to metal oxide nanoparticles

机译：差异血浆蛋白与金属氧化物纳米颗粒的结合

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Nanoparticles rapidly interact with the proteins present in biological fluids, such as blood. The proteins that are adsorbed onto the surface potentially dictate the biokinetics of the nanomaterials and their fate in vivo. Using nanoparticles with different sizes and surface characteristics, studies have reported the effects of physicochemical properties on the composition of adsorbed plasma proteins. However, to date, few studies have been conducted focusing on the nanoparticles that are commonly exposed to the general public, such as the metal oxides. Using previously established ultracentrifugation approaches, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, the current study investigated the binding of human plasma proteins to commercially available titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. We found that, despite these particles having similar surface charges in buffer, they bound different plasma proteins. For TiO2, the shape of the nanoparticles was also an important determinant of protein binding. Agglomeration in water was observed for all of the nanoparticles and both TiO2 and ZnO further agglomerated in biological media. This led to an increase in the amount and number of different proteins bound to these nanoparticles. Proteins with important biological functions were identified, including immunoglobulins, lipoproteins, acute-phase proteins and proteins involved in complement pathways and coagulation. These results provide important insights into which human plasma proteins bind to particular metal oxide nanoparticles. Because protein absorption to nanoparticles may determine their interaction with cells and tissues in vivo, understanding how and why plasma proteins are adsorbed to these particles may be important for understanding their biological responses.
机译：纳米粒子与存在于生物流体（例如血液）中的蛋白质快速相互作用。吸附在表面上的蛋白质可能决定了纳米材料的生物动力学及其在体内的命运。使用不同大小和表面特征的纳米粒子，研究报告了物理化学性质对吸附血浆蛋白组成的影响。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究集中于通常暴露于公众的纳米颗粒，例如金属氧化物。使用先前建立的超速离心方法，二维凝胶电泳和质谱，当前的研究研究了人血浆蛋白与市售的二氧化钛，二氧化硅和氧化锌纳米粒子的结合。我们发现，尽管这些颗粒在缓冲液中具有相似的表面电荷，但它们结合了不同的血浆蛋白。对于TiO2，纳米颗粒的形状也是蛋白质结合的重要决定因素。观察到所有纳米颗粒在水中的团聚，并且TiO 2和ZnO在生物介质中进一步团聚。这导致与这些纳米颗粒结合的不同蛋白质的数量和数量增加。鉴定出具有重要生物学功能的蛋白质，包括免疫球蛋白，脂蛋白，急性期蛋白质和与补体途径和凝血有关的蛋白质。这些结果为人血浆蛋白与特定的金属氧化物纳米颗粒结合提供了重要的见识。由于纳米颗粒的蛋白质吸收可能决定它们与体内细胞和组织的相互作用，因此了解血浆蛋白如何以及为何吸附到这些颗粒上对于理解其生物学反应可能很重要。

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