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Ultrafast and selective reduction of sidewall roughness in silicon waveguides using self-perfection by liquefaction

机译:利用液化自完美超快和选择性地降低硅波导侧壁粗糙度

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We use a novel technique, self-perfection by liquefaction (SPEL), to smooth the rough sidewalls of Si waveguides. An XeCl excimer laser with 308 nm wavelength and 20 ns pulse duration is used to selectively melt the surface layer of the waveguide. This molten layer flows under surface tension and this results in smooth sidewalls upon resolidification. Our experimental results show that this technique reduces the average sidewall roughness (1σ) from 13 to 3 nm. Our calculations show that the waveguide transmission loss due to sidewall roughness in these waveguides would be reduced from 53 to 3 dB cm~(-1), an improvement with light transmission five orders of magnitude greater. Due to a low viscosity of molten Si (below water), SPEL can be achieved on a Si surface within ~100 ns. This short time, together with SPEL's material selectivity, makes it possible to repair defective components on a chip without damaging surrounding components and materials, making SPEL a promising candidate for defect repair in integrated optics and nanophotonics.
机译:我们使用一种新颖的技术,即通过液化的自我完善(SPEL)来平滑Si波导的粗糙侧壁。具有308 nm波长和20 ns脉冲持续时间的XeCl准分子激光器用于选择性地熔化波导的表面层。该熔融层在表面张力下流动,并在重新固化时产生光滑的侧壁。我们的实验结果表明,该技术可将平均侧壁粗糙度(1σ)从13 nm降低到3 nm。我们的计算表明,由于这些波导中的侧壁粗糙度而导致的波导传输损耗将从53 dB cm〜(-1)减少,光传输率提高了五个数量级。由于熔融硅(在水中)的粘度较低,因此可以在约100 ns内在硅表面上实现SPEL。如此短的时间,加上SPEL的材料选择性,使得修复芯片上的缺陷组件而不会损坏周围的组件和材料成为可能,使SPEL成为集成光学和纳米光子学中缺陷修复的有希望的候选者。

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