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Signal enhancement in nano-Raman spectroscopy by gold caps on silicon nanowires obtained by vapour-liquid-solid growth

机译：汽-液-固生长获得的硅纳米线上的金盖在纳米拉曼光谱中的信号增强

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摘要

Silicon nanowires grown by the vapour-liquid-solid growth mechanism with gold as the catalyst show gold caps approx 50-400 nm in diameter with an almost ideal hemispherical shape atop a silicon column. These gold caps are extremely well suited for exploiting the tip or surface enhanced Raman scattering effects since they assume the right size on the nanometre scale and a reproducible, almost ideal hemispherical shape. On attaching a nanowire with a gold cap to an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip, the signal enhancement by the gold nanoparticle can be used to spatially resolve a Raman signal. Applications of this novel nanowire based technical tip enhanced Raman scattering solution are widespread and lie in the fields of biomedical and life sciences as well as security (e.g. detection of bacteria and explosives) and in the field of solid state research, e.g. in silicon technology where the material composition, doping, crystal orientation and lattice strain can be probed by Raman spectroscopy. A prerequisite for obtaining this spatial resolution in nano-Raman spectroscopy is the attachment of a nanowire with a gold cap to an AFM tip. This attachment by welding a nanowire in a scanning electron microscope to an AFM tip is demonstrated in this paper.
机译：通过蒸气-液体-固体生长机理以金作为催化剂生长的硅纳米线显示出​​金顶的直径约为50-400 nm，在硅柱顶上具有几乎理想的半球形。这些金帽非常适合利用尖端或表面增强的拉曼散射效应，因为它们具有纳米级的正确尺寸和可再现的，几乎理想的半球形形状。将带有金帽的纳米线连接到原子力显微镜（AFM）尖端时，金纳米粒子的信号增强作用可用于空间分辨拉曼信号。这种新颖的基于纳米线的技术尖端增强的拉曼散射解决方案的应用广泛，并且位于生物医学和生命科学领域以及安全性（例如细菌和爆炸物的检测）领域以及固态研究领域，例如生物医学和生命科学领域。在硅技术中，可以通过拉曼光谱法探测材料成分，掺杂，晶体取向和晶格应变。在纳米拉曼光谱学中获得这种空间分辨率的先决条件是将带有金盖的纳米线连接到AFM尖端。本文通过在扫描电子显微镜中将纳米线焊接到AFM尖端上进行了这种连接。

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