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Imaging through nonlinear media using digital holography

机译:使用数字全息图通过非线性介质成像

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It is well known that one cannot image directly through a nonlinear medium, as intensity-dependent phase changes distort signals as they propagate. Indirect methods can be used(1-6), but none has allowed for the measurement of internal wave mixing and dynamics. Recently, the reconstruction of nonlinear pulse propagation in fibres was demonstrated by generalizing the techniques of digital holography(7,8) to the nonlinear domain(9). The method involves two steps: (1) recording the total field (both amplitude and phase) exiting a nonlinear medium and (2) numerically back-propagating the wavefunction. Here, we extend this process to two-dimensional spatial beams and experimentally demonstrate it in a self-defocusing photorefractive crystal, giving examples in soliton formation, dispersive radiation and imaging. For known nonlinearity, the technique enables reconstruction of wave dynamics within the medium and suggests new methods of super-resolved imaging, including subwavelength microscopy and lithography. For unknown nonlinearity, the method facilitates modelling and characterization of the optical response.
机译:众所周知,由于强度相关的相位变化会在信号传播时使信号失真,因此无法直接通过非线性介质成像。可以使用间接方法(1-6),但是没有一种方法可以测量内部波混和和动力学。最近,通过将数字全息技术(7,8)推广到非线性域(9),证明了光纤中非线性脉冲传播的重建。该方法包括两个步骤:(1)记录离开非线性介质的总场(振幅和相位),以及(2)对波函数进行数字反向传播。在这里,我们将这一过程扩展到二维空间光束,并在自散焦光折射晶体中进行实验证明,并给出了孤子形成,色散辐射和成像方面的例子。对于已知的非线性,该技术能够在介质内重建波动力学,并提出了超分辨成像的新方法,包括亚波长显微镜和光刻。对于未知的非线性,该方法有助于光响应的建模和表征。

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